Table 4.

RCTs associated with limb dystonia and botulinum.

Study	Study Design and Goal	Sample Size and Method	Results
Umar M et al., 2018 [172]	Randomized trial Assessed the effect of BoNTA and task-specific training in post-stroke focal dystonia	23 patients in experimental group got BoNTA and task-specific training and 23 in control group got only task-specific training Different muscles in upper limb were injected based on type of dystonia	Motor assessment scale improved in both; however, no significance variations were noted between the two groups Task-specific training is helpful for post-stroke dystonia
Geenen et al., 1996 [173]	Randomized prospective trial Assessed efficacy of BoNT for focal dystonia identified through either EMG with or without stimulation for focal hand dystonia	n = 12 Eight and four patients received BoNT in target muscle based on EMG guidance without and with stimulation	4 and 3 in the without and with stimulation group had weakness in target muscle EMG with stimulation is at least as effective as EMG without stimulation

Abbreviations: BoNT—Botulinum toxin; BoNTA—Botulinum toxin A; EMG—Electromyography.