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. 2021 Jan 8;26(2):282. doi: 10.3390/molecules26020282

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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U87 cells were treated with gossypol, phenformin, and TMZ for 72 h, and gene expression profile was obtained using microarray. (A) For genes with average expression levels of top 30%, average linkage hierarchical clustering was performed with Euclidean distance as a distance metric, and expression levels were depicted as a heat map using GENE-E software. (B) Expression levels of stemness- and invasiveness-associated genes were displayed as a heat map. (C,D) Among 1799 DEGs between control and combination groups, expression levels of 837 genes, which were up-regulated in the combination group (C) and the expression levels of 962 genes, which were down-regulated in the combination group (D) were functionally annotated using GO terms.