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Systemic catabolic crosstalk in cachexia. Proinflammatory cytokines produced by immune and tumor cells (i.e., in cancer-related cachexia) and other circulating molecules trigger catabolic events in skeletal muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and the central nervous system (CNS). Chemotherapy, sarcopenia, and disuse aggravate cachexia outcomes during physical activity ameliorates prognosis by counteracting muscle wasting and the inflammatory condition. Figure made using BioRender.com.
