Ab	Antibody
DAAs	Direct acting antiviral drugs
ECM	Extracellular matrix
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
HAV	Hepatitis A virus
HBV	Hepatitis B virus
HCV	Hepatitis C virus
HEV	Hepatitis E virus
HCC	Hepatocellular carcinoma
HSCs	Hepatic stellate cells
ICIs	Immune checkpoint inhibitors
LPS	Lipopolysaccharides
n	Number
PAMP	Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PEG-IFN	Pegylated interferon
PNALT	Persistently normal serum alanine aminotransferase stage
PSC	Primary sclerosing cholangitis
RBV	Ribavirin
RdRp	RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
SCFAs	Short-chain fatty acids
SVR	Sustained virological response
UTR	Untranslated region