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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 24.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2020 Nov 23;146:106252. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106252

Table 1.

A summary of questionnaire components: China National Human Biomonitoring.

Questionnaire Description
PSUs questionnaire
Natural environment • Geographic position; the total area; landform; and the main soil types in the area
Demographic data (last year, from local statistical bureau) Total population of the region; crude death rate; infant mortality rate; and urban population ratio
National economic indexes (last year, from local statistical bureau) The region’s gross national product last year; the percentage of gross national product; net income per head in the region last year; and per capita net income
Health care (last year, from local department of health) The average number of medical staff per 10,000 people; number of hospital beds per 10,000 people; the number of pension institutions; and the number of elderly people living in pension institutions
Environmental quality (last year, from local department of environmental protection) Per capita water resources; status of water pollution; Air quality of community; and solid waste
Pollution source (last year, from local department of environmental protection) Centralized pollution treatment facilities within the jurisdiction; industrial pollution sources; agricultural pollution sources; and urban domestic pollution source
Community unit questionnaire
Industrial pollution sources (last year, from local department of environmental protection) • Time of establishment of the factory; crew size; location; effluent volume; tailpipe emission; and solid waste discharge
Agricultural pollution sources (last year, from local department of environmental protection) Large-scale livestock and poultry farms and communities; household specialized in breeding; aquaculture plant; and plant factories
Centralized pollution source (last year, from local department of environmental protection) Domestic waste treatment plant; sewage treatment plant; and hazardous waste (clinical waste) treatment facilities
Individual questionnaire
Personal Profile Gender; nationality; birthplace; time to begin local residence; education level; and marital status
Occupation Current work situation; and previous work status
Daily behavior Smoking status; alcohol consumption; and hair dye
Dietary status The main place for three meals; the main source of drinking water; and the frequency and quantity of each type of food
Physical activity Time required for daily commute; and main modes of travel on/off duty
Sleep quality The average length of sleep per night; sleep disorders; and whether to take sleeping pills and other treatment of insomnia drugs
Women’s situation Age of first menstruation; menstrual status; pregnancy status; and the use of cosmetics
Household questionnaire
Housing characteristics How many family members has lived there and when did the family begin to live there; housing type; built-up area; and usable floor area
House ventilation Ventilation system type; frequency of window opening ventilation in different seasons; and heating ways in winter
Household income Family annual income and expenditure; and source of income
Household fuel use Kitchen type and ventilation measures; major domestic fuels; and frequency of cook at home every week
Indoor environmental pollution
Residential decoration and time; furniture purchase and time; air purification measures; and use of domestic chemicals