Table 4.

Effect of foliar application of putrescine on lipid peroxidation (TBARS µmol g⁻¹ FW) and proteins (g kg⁻¹ DW) in outer leaves of the cauliflower cv. Moonshine at different ration of NO₃⁻/NH₄⁺ and temperatures.

Temperature	NO3−/NH4+		Lipid Perox	Protein
Ambient temperature	100/0	Without Put	2.85 ± 0.01 d	330.0 ± 0.7 d
		With Put	2.72 ± 0.01 f	334.7 ± 0.5 b
	80/20	Without Put	2.79 ± 0.02 e	332.0 ± 0.6 c
		With Put	2.70 ± 0.01 f	339.0 ± 1.0 a
	50/50	Without Put	2.75 ± 0.01 e	333.6 ± 0.3 b
		With Put	2.67 ± 0.01 g	340.8 ± 0.8 a
High temperature	100/0	Without Put	3.06 ± 0.02 a	313.8 ± 0.6 h
		With Put	2.92 ± 0.01 c	323.3 ± 0.5 f
	80/20	Without Put	3.01 ± 0.02 b	316.0 ± 1.2 h
		With Put	2.90 ± 0.01 c	326.7 ± 1.0 ef
	50/50	Without Put	2.94 ± 0.01 c	322.6 ± 0.2 g
		With Put	2.86 ± 0.01 d	328.7 ± 0.2 e
Main effects
Temperature (T)			***	***
Putrescine (Put)			***	***
Nitrate/ ammonium (NO3−/NH4+)			***	***
T X Put			ns	***
T X NO3−/NH4+			**	***
Put X NO3−/NH4			*	***
T X Put X NO3−/NH4+			ns	***

Different small letters within a column indicate significant differences among different treatments of putrescine. treatments with different NO₃⁻/NH₄⁺ ratio and temperatures (p = 0.05. Tukey test). n = 5, ±S.E. Analysis of variance: ns. not significant; * p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.005; *** p ≤ 0.001.