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. 2021 Jan 14;10(1):56. doi: 10.3390/biology10010056

Table 1.

Summary of multiple linear regression analysis (best model, stepwise, and forward) and path analysis (direct and indirect effects) for grain yield (dependent variable) with 28 yield-related traits (independent variables) for nine treatments.

No. of Variables Source Without Deleting After Deletion of NKS After Deletion of NSS
Best Model Stepwise Forward Best Model Stepwise Forward Best Model Stepwise Forward
Independent Variables R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect R2 Direct Effect
2 MSI/NKS 0.94 0.75 0.94 0.75 0.94 0.75 0.94 0.75
2 Chl a (0.38 cm−2)/NSS 0.93 0.78 0.93 0.78 0.93 0.75 0.93 0.78 0.93 0.78
3 NKS/HKW/KL 0.97 0.97
3 Chl a (0.38 cm−2)/FLA/NSS 0.97
4 Chl a (0.38 cm−2)/Chl a + b(FLA)/NSS/KW 0.99 0.99
4 FLA/E/NKS/Na+ 0.99
5 RWC/Chl a (0.38 cm−2)/Chl b(FLA)/NSS/KW 1.00 1.00
5 LWC/FLA/Gs/NKS/Na+ 1.00
1 Chl a (0.38 cm−2) 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.09
1 NKS 0.62 0.62 0.82 0.62 0.82 0.62
1 NSS 0.85 0.69 0.85 0.69 0.66 0.85 0.69 0.85 0.69
1 MSI 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.13
Total indirect effect 0.19 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.19 0.19 0.19
Total R2 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94
Residual 0.24 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.24 0.24