Table 2.

Synopsis of randomized clinical studies designed to compare the effect of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) versus standard therapy, independently on achievement of a specific glycaemic target, in populations comprising a large percentage of non-diabetic patients with acute hyperglycaemia at admission for acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Clinical Trial (Year)	Number of Patients	Study Population	Admission Glycaemia	Specific Glycaemic Target	Reached Glycaemic Target (Intervention vs. Control)	Primary Endpoint	Result
ECLA-GIK (1998)	407	ACS	140 ± 15 mg/dL (7.78 ± 0.83 mmol/L; both GIK groups) vs. 143 ± 15 mg/dL (7.94 ± 0.83 mmol/L)	-	122 ± 7 mg/dL (6.78 ± 0.39 mmol/L; both GIK groups) vs. 135 ± 5 mg/dL (7.5 ± 0.28 mmol/L)	In-hospital mortality	Similar In-hospital mortality
GIPS (2003)	940	STEMI	153 mg/dL (8.5 mmol/L) in both groups	-	139 ± 10 mg/dL (7.72 ± 0.56 mmol/L) vs. 146 ± 10 mg/dL (8.11 ± 0.56 mmol/L)	30 day-Mortality	Similar 30 day-Mortality
GIPS-2 (2006)	889	STEMI (Killip Class I)	153 ± 50.4 mg/dL (8.5 ± 2.8 mmol/L) vs. 149.4 ± 45 mg/dL (8.28 ± 2.5 mmol/L)	-	-	30 day-Mortality	Similar 30 day-Mortality
CREATE-ECLA (2005)	20,201	STEMI	162 mg/dL (9 mmol/L) in both groups	-	187 mg/dL (10.39 mmol/L) vs. 148 mg/dL (8.22 mmol/L)	30 day-Mortality	Similar 30 day-Mortality
OASIS-6 GIK (2007)	2748	STEMI(14.9% vs. 14%)	-	-	-	30 day-Mortality	Similar 30 day-Mortality
IMMEDIATE (2012)	911	ACS	-	-	-	Progression to AMI, 30 day-Mortality	Similar Progression to AMI and 30 day-Mortality