Table 2:
Risk-of-bias assessment for mortality and length-of-stay outcomes using modified risk-of-bias criteria for randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized studies
| Influenza trials, mortality outcome | Sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding (patients) | Blinding (health care providers) | Blinding (outcome assessors) | Blinding (data collectors) | Blinding (data analyst) | Loss to follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beigel et al., 201725 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely no | Probably no | Definitely yes | Probably no | Definitely no |
| Beigel et al., 201926 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Probably yes |
| Davey et al., 201927 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes |
| Hung et al., 201324 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes |
| Non-RCT (SARS-CoV), mortality outcome | Selection of groups | Exposure assessment | Outcome following exposure | Baseline comparability | Measurement of prognostic variables | Outcome assessment | Completeness of follow-up | Concomitant treatments |
| Soo et al., 200423 | Definitely no | Probably yes | Definitely yes | Definitely no | Definitely no | Definitely no | Definitely no | Definitely no |
| Influenza trials, length of stay | Sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding (patients) | Blinding (health care providers) | Blinding (outcome assessors) | Blinding (data collectors) | Blinding (data analyst) | Loss to follow-up |
| Beigel et al., 201926 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Probably yes |
| Hung et al., 201324 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes |
| Beigel et al., 201725 | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely yes | Definitely no | Probably no | Definitely yes | Probably no | Definitely no |
Note: RCT = randomized controlled trial, SARS-CoV = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.