Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants
| Variable | Mean ± SD/n(%) |
| Age (years), mean | 28.5±6.9 |
| Mean fasting plasma glucose | 3.9±0.5 |
| Mean 2-hour glucose level | 5.5±1.2 |
| Gestational age | 25.6±1.7 |
| Height (cm) | 152.6±1.8 |
| Weight (kg) | 47.7±0.7 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.5±0.4 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.3±12.4 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65±11.8 |
| Potential risk factors for GDM | |
| Advanced maternal age, ≥35 years | 158(25.8) |
| Known history of diabetes mellitus | 0(0.0) |
| History of pre-term delivery | 30(4.9) |
| History of spontaneous abortion | 125(20.4) |
| History of stillbirths | 32(5.2) |
| History of macrosomia | 45(7.4) |
| History of alcohol consumption | 73(12.0) |
| Previous history of GDM | 0(0.0) |
|
First degree relative with diabetes mellitus |
48(7.9) |
| History of smoking | 5(0.8) |
| Gravidity | |
| First | 154(25.2) |
| Second | 215(35.1) |
| Third or more | 243(39.7) |
Abbreviations: SD, Standard deviation; BMI, Body mass-index; GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus