Table 1.
Race and ethnicity comparison of key clinical setting variables.
| Race and ethnicity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic White (n = 250) |
Asian (n = 51) |
p value | Underrepresented in medicine (n = 34) |
p value | |
| Employer type | |||||
| Hospital or healthcare system | 74% | 80% | NS | 56% | NS |
| Contracted: private single subspecialty group | 13% | 10% | 29% | ||
| Contracted: private multispecialty group | 12% | 10% | 15% | ||
| Military or Federal Government | 1% | 0% | 0% | ||
| Other | 0% | 0% | 0% | ||
| Academic or nonacademic affiliation | |||||
| Academic | 71% | 82% | NS | 62% | NS |
| Non academic | 29% | 18% | 38% | ||
| Level of primary nursery for clinical duties | |||||
| Level 4 (Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) | 55% | 63% | NS | 38% | NS |
| Level 3 (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) | 42% | 37% | 62% | ||
| Level 2 (Special Care Nursery) | 3% | 0% | 0% | ||
| Characteristics of primary nursery for clinical duties | |||||
| Number neonatologists rotating at primary nurserya | 10 (6–17) | 10 (7–16) | NS | 7.5 (4–17) | NS |
| Capacity of primary nurserya | 50 (32–68.5) | 55 (35–65) | NS | 36 (24.75–67) | NS |
| Delivery volumea | 3000 (1337.5–4500) | 3800 (2000–5000) | NS | 2900 (1937.5–3500) | NS |
| Clinical dutiesa | |||||
| Clinical service—weeks/year | 18 (12–26) | 18 (12–26) | NS | 17 (12–36) | NS |
| Weekday daytime clinical shifts per year | 86 (60–120) | 90 (60–120) | NS | 90 (67.5–155) | NS |
| Weeknight clinical shifts per year | 36 (18–60) | 40 (30–60) | NS | 48 (27–81.25) | 0.016 |
| Weekend daytime clinical shifts per year | 24 (15–32) | 20 (12–26) | NS | 25 (17.25–37) | NS |
| Weekend night time clinical shifts per year | 15 (10–24) | 15 (10–24) | NS | 20.5 (12–28) | NS |
| Clinical hours/year | 1919.5 (1408.75–2623.5) | 1898 (1584–2520) | NS | 1957 (1506.75–3124) | NS |
| Average daily censusa | |||||
| Total rounding census | 20 (16–29) | 20 (16–25) | NS | 22 (16–32) | NS |
| Call type provided | |||||
| In-house | 39% | 47% | NS | 29% | NS |
| From home | 35% | 27% | 35% | ||
| Both in-house and from home | 23% | 25% | 35% | ||
| No call | 4% | 0% | 0% | ||
| Region | |||||
| Great Lakes region—OH, MI, IN, IL, WI, MN | 19% | 24% | NS | 18% | 0.008 |
| Mid-Atlantic region—WV, VA, DE, MD, DC, NC, PA, NJ | 20% | 12% | 9% | ||
| North Central region—IA, MO, KS, NE, SD, ND | 9% | 12% | 3% | ||
| Northeast region—ME, NH, VT, MA, CT, NY, RI | 18% | 20% | 9% | ||
| Northwest region—MT, WY, ID, OR, WA | 6% | 0% | 3% | ||
| South Central region—TX, OK, AR | 5% | 8% | 21% | ||
| Southeast region—SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, TN, KY | 12% | 12% | 29% | ||
| Southwest region—AZ, UT, CO, NM, NV | 3% | 2% | 6% | ||
| West region—CA, AK, HI | 7% | 12% | 3% | ||
aMedian value (interquartile range).