FIGURE 1.

Bayesian active inference framework. Biological organisms are Bayesian Engines, equipped with nodes of Sensory State and Active State (Node S and A, solid round-corner rectangles) and of Internal State (Node I, solid oval), to observe events from the node of External State (Node E, dashed rectangle) in a sample space (bounded by the outer boundary). The causal relations among these nodes follow Free-Energy Principle, described in Box 1.