Figure 6.

Theoretical pathway inhibition after direct blockage of AR activity. Whilst most clinical emphasis is on the downstream effects (biomarkers such as PSA) of AR inhibition (B), the accumulation of signaling molecules before the blockade can have profound metabolic consequences (C). This is achieved not only by accumulation before the drug blockade, but also by feedback stimulation of flow into the pathway (D). Ultimately, the excess of substrate can be relieved in the cell by activation of a salvage pathway (E), which results in a restoration of output (PSA) by other means.