| ApoE | Apolipoprotein E |
| ATF4 | Activating Transcription Factor 4 |
| AΤF6 | Activating Transcription Factor 6 |
| ALT | Alanine aminotransferase |
| AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
| ACLY | ATP citrate lyase |
| Acc2 | Acetyl coA carboxylase 2 |
| AMPKa1 | AMP-activated protein kinase alpha 1 |
| AMPKa2 | AMP-activated protein kinase alpha 2 |
| Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 |
| Bax | BCL2-associated X protein |
| CHOP | C/EBP homologous protein |
| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| Dgat2 | Diacyl glycerol acetyltransferase 2 |
| DMT2 | Diabetes mellitus type 2 |
| Empa | Empagliflozin |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| elF2α | Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 alpha |
| Fasn | Fatty acid synthase |
| F4/80 | EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 |
| FFA | Free fatty acid |
| GRP78 | Binding immunoglobulin protein |
| GRP94 | Glucose-regulated protein 94 |
| GPAT | Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase |
| HFD | High-fat diet |
| HbA1c | Hemoglobin A1c |
| ICAM-1 | Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 |
| Il-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| Insig | Insulin-induced gene |
| IRE1α | Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α |
| LC3B | Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3B |
| mTOR | Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Kinase |
| Mcp-1 | Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| NAS | NAFLD Activity Score |
| Ppar-γ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| Pck-1 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 |
| p62(Sqstm1) | Sequestosome 1 |
| qPCR | Quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SGLT-2i | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors |
| Screbp-1 | Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 |
| Scd-1 | Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 |
| SGOT | Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase |
| SGPT | Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| UPR | Unfolded protein response |
| VCAM-1 | Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 |
| ΧΒΡ1 | X-box binding protein 1 |
| ZDF | Zucker diabetic fatty |
| γ-GT | Gamma-glutamyl transferase |