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. 2021 Jan 16;10(1):176. doi: 10.3390/foods10010176

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Carbohydrates amount (µg/cm²) from L. monocytogenes LM5 and P. fluorescens pf5 biofilms on SS coupons in mono- and dual-species at 12 °C for 168 h. The results indicate the average of three values and the bars indicate the standard deviation. The asterisk (*) means statistically significant difference between the mono- and dual-species of each strains for the same incubation time (* p < 0.05). P: P. fluorescens in single-species; L: L. monocytogenes in single-species; P + L: L. monocytogenes and P. fluorescens in dual-species.