Table 2.
Key molecules associated with lipotoxicity in podocytes.
| Key Molecules | Effect on Podocytes | Mechanism | Experimental Model | Expression | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABCA1 | Cholesterol accumulation | efflux of cholesterol | NOD mice T2DM human |
decrease | [68,69] |
| ABCG1 | efflux of cholesterol | T2DM human | decrease | [68] | |
| ACAT1 | convert cholesterol to ester | SHL mice | decrease | [70] | |
| CD36 | FFA accumulation | Transporter of FFA | HFD mice SHL mice AS mice T2DM human |
increase | [71,72,73,74] |
| FATP4 | Transporter of FFA | ORG human | increase | [75] | |
| FABP | Transporter of FFA | db/db mice | increase | [76] |
ABCA1: ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1, ABCG1: ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1, ACAT1: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1, FATP4: fatty acid transport protein 4, FABP: Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, FFA: free fatty acids, NOD: Non-obese diabetic, SHL: apo E deficiency spontaneously hyperlipidemic, HFD: high-fat diet feeding, AS: Alport syndrome, ORG: obesity-related-glomerulopathy.