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. 2021 Jan 15;14(2):408. doi: 10.3390/ma14020408

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Gene expression of bone markers; protein levels of Ti-PEEK and PEEK groups. (a) Fold changes in gene expression of bone markers (normalized to GAPDH) over TCP control (calibrator = 1) in osteoblast-like cells cultured on Ti-PEEK and PEEK surfaces; * 95% CIs of mean fold change values of Ti-PEEK and PEEK do not overlap; (b) BMP-2 protein levels secreted by osteoblast-like cells cultured on Ti-PEEK, PEEK and TCP surfaces; * p < 0.05 vs. PEEK; # p < 0.05 vs. TCP. (Reproduced from [72], with permission from © 2018 Dovepress). GAPDH: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.