Table 1.

Summary of genes associated with PPCM to date.

Gene	Molecular Function	Mutation Types in PPCM	Other Associated Disorders
BAG3	Co-chaperone, Z disk	Truncating	DCM, MFM
DMD	Sarcolemma, structure	Truncating	DCM, MD
DSP	Desmosome, cell–cell adhesion	Truncating	ACM, DCM, keratodermas
FKTN	May process dystrophin	Truncating/missense	DCM, MD
GNB3	G protein subunit	Association with outcome	Hypertension, night blindness
KCNH2	K+ channel, cardiac conduction	Truncating	Long QT syndrome
LAMP2	Lysosome, autophagy	Truncating/missense	Danon disease, DCM, HCM
LMNA	Nuclear lamina, structure	Truncating	DCM, MD
MYBPC3	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Missense	DCM, HCM, LVNC
MYH6	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Truncating/missense	CHD, DCM, HCM
MYH7	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Missense	DCM, HCM, LVNC, MD
PSEN2	May regulate APP processing	Missense	Alzheimer’s disease, DCM
PTHLH	Hormone	Association with risk	Brachydactyly
RET	Protooncogene	Missense	Multiple endocrine neoplasia
SCN5A	NA+ channel, cardiac conduction	Missense	AF, DCM, Long QT syndrome, VF
SYNM	Cytoskeleton	Truncating	-
TNNC1	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Missense	DCM, HCM
TNNT2	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Missense	DCM, HCM, LVNC, RCM
TPM1	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Truncating	DCM, HCM, LVNC
TTN	Sarcomere, cardiac contraction	Truncating	DCM, HCM, MD, MFM
VCL	Cytoskeleton	Truncating	DCM, HCM

ACM, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy; AF, atrial fibrillation; APP, amyloid precursor protein; CHD, congenital heart disease; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy, HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HSP, heat shock protein; LVNC, left ventricular noncompaction; MD, muscular dystrophy; MFM, myofibrillar myopathy; RCM, restrictive cardiomyopathy; VF, ventricular fibrillation.