Table 4.

Interactions between PPARG2 Pro12Ala allele polymorphism and diet patterns and vegetable intake in observational studies in relation to cancer risk.

					OR (95% CI)
					PPARG2 Pro12Ala Allele Polymorphism
First Author/Publication Year	Age (Range)	Women (%)	Study Location	Stratified Categories	CC	CG + GG	CC	CG + GG
Murtaugh 2005 [23]	30–79	45% (colon) 42% (rectum)	USA		Colon Cancer		Rectal Cancer
				Western dietary pattern
				Low	Reference	0.71 (0.52–0.96)	Reference	1.40 (0.93–2.10)
				Middle	1.22 (1.00–1.49)	1.17 (0.89–1.54)	0.98 (0.74–1.30)	1.19 (0.79–1.79)
				High	1.27 (1.00–1.62)	1.18 (0.87–1.63)	1.13 (0.84–1.52)	1.17 (0.78–1.75)
				Prudent dietary pattern
				High	Reference	0.66 (0.49–0.89)	Reference	1.29 (0.87–1.92)
				Middle	1.00 (0.82–1.23)	0.92 (0.69–1.22)	0.99 (0.74–1.34)	0.95 (0.61–1.47)
				Low	1.02 (0.81–1.28)	1.07 (0.79–1.45) *	1.07 (0.78–1.45)	1.36 (0.91–2.04)
				Vegetables
				High	Reference	0.72 (0.54–0.96)	Reference	1.16 (0.79–1.71)
				Middle	0.91 (0.75–1.12)	0.81 (0.61–1.08)	0.95 (0.71–1.26)	0.93 (0.62–1.40)
				Low	0.94 (0.75–1.17)	0.96 (0.71–1.30)	0.87 (0.64–1.19)	1.28 (0.83–1.97)
				Refined grain
				Low	Reference	0.70 (0.53–0.94)	Reference	1.68 (1.11–2.54)
				Middle	1.07 (0.88–1.29)	0.95 (0.72–1.24)	1.04 (0.75–1.43)	1.2 (0.78–1.59)
				High	1.08 (0.88–1.33)	1.17 (0.87–1.58) *	1.12 (0.83–1.51)	1.53 (1.03–2.28)
				Whole grain
				High	Reference	0.74 (0.57–0.97)	Reference	1.24 (0.81–1.89)
				Middle	0.98 (0.81–1.19)	0.96 (0.73–1.28)	1.07 (0.81–1.43)	1.21 (0.79–1.84)
				Low	0.92 (0.74–1.13)	0.85 (0.63–1.15)	1.32 (0.93–1.87)	1.22 (0.78–1.92)

CC will be translated into proline and GG will be translated into alanine. * star denotes p-value for interaction < 0.05.