Table 3.

Comparison of adjusted HSRs between inpatients with or without a high level of SDM (%)

Variablesa	Overall	Physician services	Medical expenses	Treatment outcomes
Patients' information preference
High level of SDM	91.53	95.35	66.87	88.56
Non-high level of SDM	70.09	74.80	39.34	58.81
Patients' active involvement in SDM
High level of SDM	91.84	95.74	67.36	88.39
Non-high level of SDM	72.62	76.89	42.27	64.37
Patients' perceived encouragement from their physicians to achieve SDM
High level of SDM	92.33	96.23	67.30	88.81
Non-high level of SDM	67.33	71.57	38.03	58.28
Informed consent
High level of SDM	90.38	94.20	65.65	86.24
Non-high level of SDM	64.79	70.00	30.44	57.16
Overall SDM
High level of SDM	92.60	96.50	68.44	89.50
Non-high level of SDM	67.49	71.77	35.19	57.30

Two-level mixed linear regression models were used to analyze the overall HSR and HSR with physician services, and the dependent variables were the average HSRs of all items on the inpatient satisfaction scale and the items in the “Physician services” dimension; Two-level logistic models were used to analyze the HSRs with medical expenses and treatment outcomes (1: “very satisfied”, 0: others); two-level regression models were used to calculate the adjusted HSRs of the inpatients with or without positive responses to SDM while controlling for the hospital type, admitting department, inpatient characteristics (age, sex, residence, education and income), inpatient with or without cancer, and having surgery; all p-values of the t-tests in the models were < 0.0001; SDM, shared decision making; HSRs, high positive response rates

^aThe group of inpatients with a high level of SDM was defined as the inpatient group in which all inpatients had an average HPRR to an aspect or overall equal to or greater than 80%, while the group of inpatients with a non-high level of SDM was referred as the inpatient group in which inpatients had an average HPRR to an aspect or overall less than 80%