Table 2.
CT characteristics of small-sized adenocarcinoma in STAS+ and STAS- groups.
| Total (n=190) | STAS (n=47) | Non-STAS (n=143) | t, F, or z value | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measurements | |||||
| LD entire (mm) | 15 ± 4 | 16 ± 4 | 14 ± 3 | 4.025 | 0.055 |
| LD solid (mm) | 10 ± 6 | 15 ± 5 | 9 ± 6 | 2.408 | 0.122 |
| CTR | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 23.868 | 0.0001*** |
| Nodule density | |||||
| pGGNs | 33 [17.4] | 1 [2.1] | 32 [22.4] | – | 0.0007*** |
| mGGNs | 87 [45.8] | 17 [36.2] | 70 [49.0] | 1.526 | 0.127 |
| SNs | 70 [36.8] | 29 [61.7] | 41 [28.7] | 4.073 | <0.0001**** |
| Location (lobe) | 0.588 | 0.557 | |||
| Upper lobes | 94 [49.5] | 25 [53.2] | 69 [48.3] | ||
| Non-upper lobes | 76 [40] | 22 [46.8] | 74 [51.7] | ||
| Location (field) | 0.326 | 0.745 | |||
| Central | 69 [36.3] | 18 [38.3] | 51 [35.7] | ||
| Peripheral | 121 63.7] | 29 [61.7] | 92 [64.3] | ||
| Shape | 1.849 | 0.064 | |||
| Round or oval | 95 [50] | 29 [61.7] | 66 [46.2] | ||
| Irregular | 95 [50] | 18 [38.3] | 77 [53.8] | ||
| Vascular change | 0.602 | 0.547 | |||
| normal | 106 [55.8] | 28 [59.6] | 78 [54.5] | ||
| convergent | 84 [44.2] | 19 [40.4] | 65 [45.5] | ||
| Cystic airspaces, n [%] | 73 [38.4] | 11 [23.4] | 62 [43.4] | 2.440 | 0.015* |
| Edge features | |||||
| Ground glass ribbon sign | 34 [17.9] | 22 [46.8] | 12 [8.4] | 5.961 | <0.0001**** |
| Unclear tumor-lung interface | 38 [20] | 15 [31.9] | 23 [16.1] | 2.354 | 0.019* |
| Lobulation | 70 [36.8] | 16 [34.0] | 54 [37.8] | 0.459 | 0.647 |
| Spiculation | 92 [48.4] | 34 [72.3] | 58 [40.6] | 3.782 | 0.0002*** |
| Satellite lesions | |||||
| Absent | 171 [90] | 31 [66.0] | 140 [97.9] | – | <0.0001**** |
| Ground glass satellites | 9 [4.7] | 9 [19.4] | 0 | – | <0.0001**** |
| Solid satellites | 10 [5.3] | 7 [14.9] | 3 [2.1] | – | 0.003** |
| Nodule-pleural types | |||||
| No connection | 93 [48.9] | 11 [23.4] | 82 [57.3] | 4.038 | <0.0001**** |
| Closeness | 69 [36.3] | 21 [44.7] | 48 [33.6] | 1.369 | 0.169 |
| Attachment | 28 [14.7] | 15 [31.9] | 13 [9.1] | 3.83 | 0.0001*** |
LD entire, long diameter of entire tumor; LD solid, long diameter of solid component; CTR, consolidation tumor ratio; STAS, spread through air spaces; pGGNs, pure ground glass nodules; mGGNs, mixted ground glass nodules; SNs, solid nodules. Significant level marks: p < 0.05 *, p < 0.01 **, p < 0.001 ***, p < 0.0001 ****.