Fig. 1.

Severe lymphopenia in non-intubated and intubated coronavirus disease 2019 patients.

Ai) C-reactive protein, absolute neutrophil count (ii) and lymphocyte count (iii) in non-intubated and intubated patients at admission and recovery. Both groups showed increased CRP, neutrophil count and decreased lymphocyte count at admission which was reversed at recovery. B. Immune phenotyping of patients was performed by flow cytometric analysis of whole blood patient samples in order to determine levels of (i) CD3⁺ (ii) CD4⁺, iii) CD8⁺, iv) B cells, v) Natural Killer cells, vi), Natural Killer-like T cells vii) Tregs and viii) CD4⁺:CD8⁺ ratio between non-intubated and intubated and between intubated survivors and intubated non-survivors (C). Statistical analysis was performed by Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or Wilcoxon test where applicable. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Cell populations normal cell count ranges (healthy individuals): CD3⁺: 1500–1900, CD4⁺: 663–1477, CD8⁺: 342–754, B-cells: 150–400, NK cells: 100–350, NKT: NA, Tregs: NA, ratio CD4⁺:CD8⁺:1.4–2.6.