Table 1.
Concentrations of select macronutrients, micronutrients, immunoglobulins, and general antimicrobial peptides present in bovine colostrum (BC) and mature milk.
| Component | BC | Mature Milk |
|---|---|---|
| Total solids (%) | 24–28 | 12.9 |
| Fat (%) | 6–7 | 3.6–4.0 |
| Protein (%) | 14–16 | 3.1–3.2 |
| Casein (%) | 4.8 | 2.5–2.6 |
| Albumin (%) | 6.0 | 0.4–0.5 |
| Total immunoglobulin (mg/mL) | 42–90 | 0.4–0.9 |
| Lactose (%) | 2–3 | 4.7–5.0 |
| Minerals | ||
| Calcium (g/kg) | 2.6–4.7 | 1.2–1.3 |
| Phosphorus (g/kg) | 4.5 | 0.9–1.2 |
| Potassium (g/kg) | 1.4–2.8 | 1.5–1.7 |
| Sodium (g/kg) | 0.7–1.1 | 0.4 |
| Magnesium (g/kg) | 0.4–0.7 | 0.1 |
| Zinc (mg/kg) | 11.6–38.1 | 3.0–6.0 |
| Vitamins | ||
| Thiamin (B1) (µg/mL) | 0.58–0.90 | 0.4–0.5 |
| Riboflavin (B2) (µg/mL) | 4.55–4.83 | 1.5–1.7 |
| Niacin (B3) (µg/mL) | 0.34–0.96 | 0.8–0.9 |
| Cobalamin (B12) (µg/mL) | 0.05–0.60 | 0.004–0.006 |
| Vitamin A (µg/100 mL) | 25 | 34 |
| Vitamin D (IU/g fat) | 0.89–1.81 | 0.41 |
| Tocopherol (E) (µg/g) | 2.92–5.63 | 0.06 |
| Immunoglobulins | ||
| IgG1 (g/L) | 34.0–87.0 | 0.31–0.40 |
| IgG2 (g/L) | 1.6–6.0 | 0.03–0.08 |
| IgA (g/L) | 3.2–6.2 | 0.04–0.06 |
| IgM (g/L) | 3.7–6.1 | 0.03–0.06 |
| Antimicrobials | ||
| Lactoferrin (g/L) | 1.5–5 | 0.02–0.75 |
| Lactoperoxidase (mg/L) | 11–45 | 13–30 |
| Lysozyme (mg/L) | 0.14–0.7 | 0.07–0.6 |