Table 4.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Dependent variables: Age, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Health Survey SF-36 Questionnaire (SF-36).
Independent variable: Groups.
| ANOVA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Levene test (p) | Mean Square | F (df) | p | η2p | |
| Age | 0.168 (0.846) | 250.083 | 1.987 (2644) | 0.139 | 0.006 |
| Scale | Levene test (p) | Mean square | F (df) | p | η2p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) | |||||
| Positive Affect | 0.637 (0.529) | 351.371 | 6.588⁎⁎⁎ (2644) | 0.001 | 0.020 |
| Negative Affect | 0.403 (0.669) | 72.003 | 1.270 (2644) | 0.281 | 0.004 |
| Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS) | |||||
| Self-Acceptance | 1.310 (0.271) | 17.058 | 1.195 (2644) | 0.303 | 0.004 |
| Positive Relations with Others | 0.598 (0.550) | 7.758 | 0.263 (2644) | 0.769 | 0.001 |
| Autonomy | 0.078 (0.925) | 0.816 | 0.024 (2644) | 0.976 | 0.000 |
| Environmental Mastery | 0.686 (0.504) | 71.336 | 3.515⁎ (2644) | 0.030 | 0.011 |
| Personal Growth | 1.647 (0.193) | 18.940 | 1.923 (2644) | 0.147 | 0.006 |
| Purpose in Life | 1.724 (0.179) | 53.680 | 2.443 (2644) | 0.088 | 0.008 |
| Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) | |||||
| Cognitive Affective | 0.358 (0.699) | 22.185 | 0.653 (2644) | 0.521 | 0.002 |
| Somatic Motivational | 0.294 (0.745) | 0.930 | 0.076 (2644) | 0.927 | 0.000 |
| Total Depression | 0.332 (0.718) | 26.223 | 0.354 (2644) | 0.702 | 0.001 |
| Health Survey SF-36 Questionnaire (SF-36) | |||||
| Physical Functioning | 1.919 (0.148) | 6.987 | 0.744 (2644) | 0.475 | 0.002 |
| Role Physical | 10.997⁎⁎⁎ (0.000) Welch test (p) 4.604⁎ (0.011) Brown-Forsythe test (p) 4.755⁎⁎ (0.009) |
49.471 | 3.653⁎ (2644) | 0.026 | 0.011 |
| Bodily Pain | 8.301⁎⁎⁎ (0.000) Welch test (p) 1.813 (0.166) Brown-Forsythe test (p) 1.899 (0.151) |
8.189 | 1.646 (2644) | 0.194 | 0.005 |
| General Health | 0.520 (0.595) | 43.745 | 2.853 (2644) | 0.058 | 0.009 |
| Vitality | 1.376 (0.253) | 0.149 | 0.915 (2644) | 0.985 | 0.000 |
| Social Functioning | 4.230⁎ (0.015) Welch test (p) 1.016 (0.364) Brown-Forsythe test (p) 1.072 (0.344) |
4.133 | 0.926 (2644) | 0.397 | 0.003 |
| Role Emotional | 0.959 (0.384) | 1.546 | 0.204 (2644) | 0.815 | 0.001 |
| Mental Health | 0.101 (0.904) | 0.030 | 0.002 (2644) | 0.998 | 0.000 |
| Physical Health Component(a) | 4.640⁎⁎ (0.010) Welch test (p) 3.770⁎ (0.025) Brown-Forsythe test (p) 3.814⁎⁎⁎ (0.023) |
340.406 | 3.217⁎ (2644) | 0.041 | 0.010 |
| Mental Health Component(b) | 0.954 (0.386) | 9.424 | 0.094 (2644) | 0.910 | 0.000 |
Note:
(a) Physical Health Component is the sum of Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain and General Health.
(b) Mental Health Component is the sum of Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health.
N = 646.
⁎⁎⁎
p ≤ .001.
⁎⁎
p ≤ .01.
⁎
p ≤ .05.