Table 2.
A collation of peer-reviewed data related to the decay kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 virus and RNA, evaluated based on (a) factors that can affect persistence, and (b) treatment process.
| a) | Reference | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Target | Time for 1-log reduction (d) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmed et al. (2020b) | Untreated wastewater | 4 | N1 gene, quantified by RT-qPCR | 11.9 | |
| 15 | 8.8 | ||||
| 25 | 5.5 | ||||
| 37 | 3.5 | ||||
| Autoclaved wastewater | 4 | 18.5 | |||
| 15 | 13.0 | ||||
| 25 | 5.8 | ||||
| 37 | 2.5 | ||||
| Tap water | 4 | 25.6 | |||
| 15 | 22.2 | ||||
| 25 | 6.6 | ||||
| 37 | 4.1 | ||||
| Bivins et al. (2020) | Untreated wastewater | 20 | SARS-CoV-2 virus, quantified based on 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID-50) | 1.5 | |
| 50 | 0.01 | ||||
| Tap water | 20 | 14.3 | |||
| b) | Reference | Treatment | Target | Log reduction | |
| Kumar et al. (2021) | Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket system | N genes | 1.53 | ||
| S protein | 1.57 | ||||
| ORF1ab | 1.64 | ||||
| This study | Open air biological activated sludge tank with hydraulic retention time of 9 h | N1 | 0.3 | ||
| N2 | Increase by 44% | ||||
| N3 | 0.5 | ||||