Table 2.
Acute effects of a real vs. a simulated flight mission on heart rate variability (HRV).
| Flight Conditions | Baseline | Post | Baseline vs. Post Measure | Acute Effects of a Real vs. a Simulated Mission | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p-Value | Effect Size | p-Value | Effect Size | |
| Real F. | Mean HR | 69.82 (10.70) | 98.06 (11.89) | 0.003 * | 0.847 | 0.005 * | 0.809 |
| Simulated F. | 74.56 (14.39) | 0.155 | 0.411 | ||||
| Real F. | RR | 885.54 (136.14) | 631.91 (77.11) | 0.003 * | 0.847 | 0.005 * | 0.809 |
| Simulated F. | 837.70 (144.35) | 0.155 | 0.411 | ||||
| Real F. | Pnn50 | 19.34 (17.18) | 8.65 (8.28) | 0.062 | 0.539 | 0.139 | 0.426 |
| Simulated F. | 16.04 (12.08) | 0.929 | 0.026 | ||||
| Real F. | RMSSD | 44.28 (25.96) | 27.77 (13.50) | 0.062 | 0.539 | 0.139 | 0.426 |
| Simulated F. | 37.01 (14.39) | 0.424 | 0.231 | ||||
| Real F. | SDNN | 51.05 (27.29) | 41.48 (13.88) | 0.477 | 0.205 | 0.241 | 0.338 |
| Simulated F. | 45.30 (11.91) | 0.594 | 0.154 | ||||
| Real F. | HF | 35.49 (18.01) | 24.43 (12.12) | 0.155 | 0.411 | 0.721 | 0.103 |
| Simulated F. | 28.76 (16.45) | 0.075 | 0.513 | ||||
| Real F. | LF | 64.44 (18.00) | 75.51 (12.14) | 0.155 | 0.411 | 0.721 | 0.103 |
| Simulated F. | 71.17 (16.47) | 0.075 | 0.513 | ||||
| Real F. | LF/HF | 2.95 (2.94) | 4.20 (3.14) | 0.213 | 0.359 | 0.508 | 0.191 |
| Simulated F. | 3.69 (2.65) | 0.328 | 0.282 | ||||
| Real F. | Total Power | 2931.89 (3830.04) | 1953.40 (1200.12) | 0.859 | 0.051 | 0.508 | 0.191 |
| Simulated F. | 2090.28 (1078.28) | 0.286 | 0.308 | ||||
| Real F. | SD1 | 31.37 (18.42) | 19.64 (9.54) | 0.062 | 0.539 | 0.139 | 0.427 |
| Simulated F. | 26.18 (10.18) | 0.424 | 0.231 | ||||
| Real F. | SD2 | 64.54 (34.65) | 55.04 (17.79) | 0.594 | 0.154 | 0.285 | 0.309 |
| Simulated F. | 58.09 (14.66) | 0.534 | 0.179 | ||||
* p-value < 0.05. F: Flight; HR: Heart rate; RR: Time between intervals R-R; pNN50: Percentage of intervals >50 ms different from the previous interval; RMSSD: The square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences of the interval RR; LF/HF: Low frequency (LF) ratio (ms2)/High frequency (HF) (ms2); Total power: The sum of all the spectra; SDNN: Standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals; SD1: Dispersion, standard deviation, of points perpendicular to the axis of line-of-identity in the Poincaré plot; SD2: Dispersion, standard deviation, of points along the axis of line-of-identity in the Poincaré plot.