Table J.
The estimations of DID and DDD models using the census tract level data.
| Time window 1 (01/01/2020–03/31/2020) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome: Percentage of staying at home | |||
| (1) |
(2) |
(3) |
|
| Lower income defined by state average | Lower income defined by county average | ||
| Stay-at-Home Order | 5.16*** | 9.30*** | 7.83*** |
| (0.05) | (0.07) | (0.07) | |
| Stay-at-Home Order × Lower-Income | −7.10*** | −4.87*** | |
| (0.08) | (0.08) | ||
| Control variables: | |||
| COVID-19 new cases | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| COVID-19 accumulative cases | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Daily maximum temperature | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Daily precipitation | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Snow | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Week-of-sample FE | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Day-of-week FE | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Census tract FE | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 6,089,923 | 6,089,923 | 6,089,923 |
| R-square | 0.4 | 0.41 | 0.4 |
Note: *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1. Standard errors are clustered at census tract level, which are in parentheses. “Yes” means the control variables and fixed effects indicated in the left column are included in the model.