Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the included studies.
| Author | Design | Sample | Population | Age (years) | Male (%) | Mortality (%) | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hewitt J 2020 | Prospective Cohort | 1559 | Hospitalised patients age ≥18 | <65 (31.2%) 65–79 (34.2%) ≥80 (34.6%) |
57.7 | 27.2 | 9 |
| Knopp P 2020 | Prospective Cohort | 217 | Hospitalised patients age ≥70 with frailty | 80 (SD 6.8) | 62 | – | 8 |
| Smet RD 2020 | Retrospective Cohort | 81 | Hospitalised older people in geriatric ward | 85 (81–90) | 41 | 23.5 | 8 |
| Rawle M 2020 | Retrospective Cohort | 134 | Hospitalised patients age ≥80 with frailty | 86 (SD 7.6) | 54.5 | 64.9 | 9 |
| Aw 2020 | Retrospective Cohort | 664 | Hospitalised older people (age ≥65) with frailty | 81.1 (SD 8.1) | 49 | 40.8 | 9 |
| Owen 2020 | Retrospective Cohort | 1071 | Hospitalised older people (age ≥65) with frailty | 78.8 (SD 8.3) | 46 | 30.5 | 8 |
| Marengoni 2020 | Retrospective Cohort | 91 | Hospitalised older people in geriatric ward | 79.5 (SD 6.1) | 60.4 | 42.9 | 7 |
NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.