Figure 5.

JmjC-domain containing 2OG dioxygenases have diverse cellular functions. JMJD6 is able to promote the formation of stress granules, which reversibly pauses transcript translation through demethylation of G3BP1. JMJD6 can hydroxylate splicing regulatory (SR) proteins, resulting in differential splicing or exon choice, such as skipping the first exon with the hydroxylation of SRSF11. JMJD6 can also hydroxylate p53 repressing its activity. KDM8 is an arginine hydroxylase that can target RCCD1 for chromatin condensation, and RPS6, which affects translation. JMJD7 is a lysyl hydroxylase that can target DRG1/2, affecting their regulation of RNA. KDM2A represses NF-κB activity via demethylation of RELA. KDM3A can demethylate both PGC-1α, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, and p53, inhibiting its proapoptotic activity. KDM3B is able to demethylate mono- or di-methylated arginine residues, which functions to activate gene transcription.