Table 4.

Association between exposure to BPA and thyroid cancer. Abbreviations: BPA: bisphenol A; BADGE: Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; BPAF: Bisphenol AF; BPB: Bisphenol B; BPE: Bisphenol E; BPF: Bisphenol F; BPS: Bisphenol S; CI: confidence interval; EDC: endocrine disrupting chemicals; PTC: papillary thyroid cancer; TC: thyroid cancer.

Author (Year)	EDC Type	Study Design	Country	Investigated Population	Measurement of Exposure	Association with Thyroid Cancer
Zhou et al. (2017) [81]	BPA	Cross-sectional	China	Qilu Hospital of Shandong University PTC (n = 53) Healthy volunteers (n = 65)	Urinary BPA concentrations	Higher urinary BPA (>2.84 ng/mL) vs. lower urinary BPA: OR: 3.57 (95% CI: 1.37–9.30)
Marotta et al. (2019) [70]	BPA, BPS, BPF, BPE, BPB, BPAF, BADGE	Cross-sectional	Italy	Patients with differentiated TC (n = 28) Patients with benign thyroid nodules (n = 27)	Serum	Unadjusted analysis: BPA: OR: 3.17 (95% CI: 0.67–20.34) BPS: OR: 10.1 (95% CI: 0.51–197.32) BPF: OR: 5.18 (95% CI: 0.23–111.22) BPB: OR: 1.50 (95% CI: 0.46–4.83) BAGDE: OR: 2.66 (5% CI: 0.61–11.64) Adjusted analysis: BPE: OR: 3.62 (95% CI: 0.69–18.95) BPAF: OR: 15.07 (95% CI: 1.59–142.13)