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. 2021 Jan 9;42(3):102917. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.102917

Table 2.

Otolaryngology symptoms related to COVID-19.

(Author, year) Method Sample Size Tracheal injury Pneumomediastinum Laryngeal injury Dysphonia Dysphagia SSNHL Vertigo Intralarbyrinthine hemorrhage Tinnitus Headache/
encephalopathy
Gustatory disorder Olfactory disorder Psychosomatic
(Abou-Arab, 2020) [27] CS 2 ++ ++
(Bassi, 2020) [28] CS 1 + +
(Bertone, 2020) [29] CS 1 + + +
(Buselli, 2020) [30] CS 1 + +
(Chern, 2021) [14] CS 1 + + +
(Chirakkal, 2020) [31] CS 1 +
(Filatov, 2020) [32] CS 1 +
(Koumpa, 2020) [33] CS 1 + +
(Lamounier, 2020) [34] CS 1 + +
(Lang, 2020) [35] CS 1 + +
(Wali, 2020) [36] CX 5 1 5
(Brugliera., 2020) [37] COH 50 90%
(D'Ascanio, 2020) [15] COH 44 54% 59%
(Fiacchini, 2020) [8] COH 30 33% 33%
(Hajikhani, 2020) [38] SR 3739 49% 61%
(Kaye, 2020) [39] SY 237 73%
(Lechien, 2020) [40] EPI, MI 702 27%
(Lechien, 2020) [41] EPI, MI 417 88% 86%
(Ozcelik, 2020) [42] OBS 116 21% 5% 6% 11% 41% 38%

CS=case study, COH=cohort, SR = systematic review, SY=survey, EPI = epidemiologic, MI = multi-institutional, CX = case series, OBS=observational study, SSNHL = sudden sensorineural hearing loss. (Representative studies)