| ACE | angiotensin conversion enzyme |
| AH | arterial hypertension |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ARB | angiotensin receptor blockers |
| AS | arterial stiffness |
| BMI | body mass index |
| BP | blood pressure |
| BW | body weight |
| CALERIE | Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy |
| cBP | central blood pressure |
| cGMP | cyclic guanosine monophosphate |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| CRD | caloric restriction diet |
| CRP | c-reactive protein |
| CV | cardiovascular diseases |
| DBP | diastolic blood pressure |
| eNOS | endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
| ESC | European Society of Cardiology |
| ESH | European Society of Hypertension |
| HDL-c | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| HRV | heart rate variability |
| IF | intermittent fasting |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factor-1 |
| IL | interleukin |
| LDL-c | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| LVH | left ventricular hypertrophy |
| m-TOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| MBIP | model-based image processing |
| MDRD | modification of diet in real disease study |
| NAD | nicotinamide dinucleotide |
| NAS | nephroangiosclerosis |
| NIH | National Institute of Health |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| NOS | nitric oxide-synthase |
| OS | oxidative stress |
| PGC1-α | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α |
| PWV | pulsating wave velocity |
| RAAS | renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SBP | systolic bloody pressure |
| SIRT1 | sirtuin1 |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| TGF- β1 | transforming growth factor-β1 |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TRF | time-restricted feeding |
| UAE | urinary albumin excretion |
| WHO | World Health Organization |