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. 2021 Jan 19;22(2):948. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020948

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Heat stress induction of the HSF genes in Arabidopsis and maize. (a) Heat stress induction of a transcriptional cascade involving HSFA genes in Arabidopsis. Modified from Nishizawa-Yokoi et al., 2011 [34] and Huang et al., 2016 [40]. (b) Comparison of HSF induction in response to step heat shock treatment (Lin et al., 2011 [29] and Zhang et al., 2020 [30]) vs. ramped heat stress conditions (simulated field conditions in which temperatures are slowly ramped up to maximum daily temperature), Li et al., 2020 [14]). Five of the 31 maize HSFs (light orange color indicated) were identified as induced under both the step heat shock treatment and ramped heat stress conditions in maize, including two A2 subgroup HSFs, two B2 HSFs, and one A6 subgroup HSF. One B1 subgroup HSF and two C1 subgroup HSFs (light orange) were specifically upregulated in response to ramped heat stress conditions, while one B1 HSF (blue) was downregulated under the same conditions. HSFA, class A heat shock transcription factor; HSFB, class B heat shock transcription factor; ABA, abscisic acid; HSP, heat shock protein; and HSF TF, heat shock transcription factor.