Design of the mouse experiment. The experiment was performed on three groups each composed of 12 specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6J male antibiotic-treated mice: (1) healthy microbiota receiver on control diet (HR_CD) group; (2) healthy microbiota receiver on high-fructose, high-fat diet (HR_2HFD) group; (3) NAFL microbiota receiver on 2HFD (NAFLR_2HFD) group. HR, healthy human microbiota receiver mice; CD, control diet; 2HFD, high-fructose, high-fat diet; NAFLR, NAFL patient microbiota receiver mice; green woman, healthy microbiota donor; purple woman, NAFL microbiota donor; black mice, SPF mice; white mice, antibiotic-treated mice; light green mice, HR_CD mice, HR mice on CD; dark green mice, HR_2HFD mice, HR mice on 2HFD; purple mice, NAFLR_2HFD mice, NAFLR mice on 2HFD. Four brownish dots, mice feces harvest; D, day; D0, mice arrival; D6, basal SPF mice feces harvest; D16, feces harvest after 2 weeks antibiotic treatment; D21-D22, two human fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) at 24-h intervals; D27, one week after FMT; D55, one month after FMT; D70, 7 weeks of 2HFD treatment, glycemia, insulinemia and oral glucose tolerance test; D84, two months after FMT; D90, 10 weeks of 2HFD treatment; SPF, specific pathogen-free.