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. 2021 Jan 25;10:e55701. doi: 10.7554/eLife.55701

Figure 2. ClC genes redundantly function in salt chemotaxis.

(a) Chemotaxis of clh multiple mutants that carry clh-1(pe572) mutation with a deletion in other clh genes. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 6 assays, Tukey’s test, ***p<0.001, n.s. not significant. (b) Chemotaxis of clh multiple mutants that carry clh-1(tm1243) mutation and a deletion in other clh genes. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 5, Tukey’s test, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, compared with wild type. +p<0.05, compared with indicated mutants. (c) Chemotaxis of clh hexatruple mutants. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 7, Tukey’s test, ***p<0.001, n.s. not significant.

Figure 2.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1. Effect of loss of ClC genes on salt chemotaxis.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1.

(a) Comparison of C. elegans (C.e) CLHs, human (H.s), and murine (M.m) ClC-2. Amino acids altered in clh-1(pe) alleles (deep and light blue) and their flanking regions are shown. The ‘Proton glutamate’ residue is boxed, which predicts whether the corresponding ClC protein is an anion channel or a H+/Cl- antiporter (Accardi et al., 2005). Members that carry glutamate (E) at the position is proposed as a H+/Cl- antiporter, whereas anion channel if it is valine (V). Although CLH-1 and CLH-2 carry serine (S) residue at this position, they are presumed to be anion channels because they share high similarity with mammalian ClC-2 (Schriever et al., 1999; Nehrke et al., 2000). (b) Chemotaxis of the single deletion mutants of each ClC gene (clh-1 through clh-6). All mutant strains were outcrossed with wild type more than four times. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 5 assays, compared with wild type, Dunnett’s test, ***p<0.001. (c) Immobility index of the clh deletion mutants. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 5, compared with wild type, Dunnett’s test, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01. (d) Immobility index of the clh multiple mutants. Dots represent individual trials. Bars and the error bars represent mean +/- s.e.m., n ≧ 5, Tukey’s test, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05, compared with wild type.