. 2020 Dec 29;282:364–371. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.165

Table 3.

Personality Inventory for DSM-5 36-Item Form Domain Scale Total Scores: Descriptive Statistics, Homogeneity of Covariance Matrix (i.e., Box M Test) Statistics, Multivariate Mean Comparison (i.e., Hotelling T² and Mahalonobis D Tests) Statistics, and Bonferroni Multiple Contrasts Between Diagnostic Groups Based DSM-5 Level 2 Depression and Anxiety Scale and DSM-5 Acute Stress Symptom Severity Scale Threshold Scores for Clinical Relevance at the End of Lockdown (N = 304).

	Depression -		Depression +		Anxiety -		Anxiety +		Acute Stress -		Acute Stress +		Internalizing -		Internalizing +
	(n = 245)		(n = 59)		(n = 214)		(n = 90)		(n = 278)		(n = 26)		(n = 207)		(n = 97)
PID-5	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
NA	1.18 ^a	0.63	1.73 ^b	0.62	1.13 ^a	0.62	1.67 ^b	0.61	1.24 ^a	0.65	1.84 ^b	0.64	1.11 ^a	0.61	1.66 ^b	0.62
Det	0.77 ^a	0.48	0.89 ^a	0.52	0.77 ^a	0.49	0.84 ^a	0.48	0.77 ^a	0.48	1.03 ^a	0.54	0.76 ^a	0.48	0.86 ^a	0.51
Ant	0.54 ^a	0.45	0.70 ^a	0.48	0.55 ^a	0.45	0.62 ^a	0.48	0.56 ^a	0.45	0.73 ^a	0.55	0.55 ^a	0.45	0.63 ^a	0.47
Dis	0.64 ^a	0.45	0.90 ^b	0.51	0.64 ^a	0.46	0.80 ^a	0.50	0.66 ^a	0.46	0.99 ^b	0.52	0.63 ^a	0.46	0.81 ^b	0.49
Psy	0.79 ^a	0.59	1.19 ^b	0.55	0.78 ^a	0.57	1.10 ^b	0.61	0.82 ^a	0.58	1.40 ^b	0.57	0.77 ^a	0.58	1.08 ^b	0.59
Ank	1.29 ^a	0.66	1.57 ^a	0.69	1.27 ^a	0.66	1.53 ^b	0.68	1.33 ^a	0.68	1.49 ^a	0.61	1.26 ^a	0.66	1.53 ^b	0.68

Box M	18.05				11.13				13.78				10.93
p	.689				.966				.923				0969
T²	48.62				61.31				41.37				63.42
F₍₆₂₉₇₎	7.96^⁎⁎⁎				10.04^⁎⁎⁎				6.77^⁎⁎⁎				10.37^⁎⁎⁎
D_M	1.01				0.98				1.32				0.98

Note. PID-5: Personality Inventory for DSM-5 36-Item Form; NA: Negative Affectivity; Det: Detachment, Ant: Antagonism; Dis: Disinhibition; Psy: Psychoticism; Ank: Anankastia; -: No clinical relevance; +: Clinically relevant; Internalizing: Any internalizing disorder; T²: Hotelling T² statistic for multivariate mean comparison; D_M: Mahalanobis D multivariate effect size statistic. The nominal significance level (i.e., p <0.05) for mean comparisons was corrected according to the Bonferroni procedure and set at p <0.0125 for T² tests, and at p <0.0021 for Bonferroni mean contrasts. Within each set of mean comparisons, means with different superscripts were significantly different in Bonferroni multiple t-tests. Bold highlights significant Bonferroni multiple t-test results. *** p <0.001.

Bonferroni multiple t-test for groups based on DSM-5 Level 2 Depression Scale: 1. Negative Affectivity: t(302) = 5.98, p <0.0021, d = 0.69; 2. Detachment: t(302) = 1.77, p = .078, d = 0.20; 3. Antagonism: t(302) = 2.44, p = 0.015, d = 0.28; 4. Disinhibition: t(302) = 3.96, p <0.0021, d = 0.46; 5. Psychoticism: t(302) = 4.71, p <0.0021, d = 0.54; 6. Anankastia: t(302) = 2.81, p = .005, d = 0.32.

Bonferroni multiple t-test for groups based on DSM-5 Level Anxiety Scale: 1. Negative Affectivity: t(302) = 6.98, p <0.0021, d = 0.80; 2. Detachment: t(302) = 1.23, p = .221, d = 0.14; 3. Antagonism: t(302) = 1.15, p = 0.252, d = 0.13; 4. Disinhibition: t(302) = 2.68, p = .008, d = 0.31; 5. Psychoticism: t(302) = 4.38, p <0.0021, d = 0.50; 6. Anankastia: t(302) = 2.81, p = .005, d = 0.32.

Bonferroni multiple t-test for groups based on DSM-5 Level Acute Stress Symptom Severity: 1. Negative Affectivity: t(302) = 4.56, p <0.0021, d = 0.52; 2. Detachment: t(302) = 2.56, p = .011, d = 0.30; 3. Antagonism: t(302) = 1.84, p = .067, d = 0.21; 4. Disinhibition: t(302) = 3.47, p <0.0021, d = 0.40; 5. Psychoticism: t(302) = 4.92, p <0.0021, d = 0.57; 6. Anankastia: t(302) = 1.12, p = .264, d = 0.13.

Bonferroni multiple t-test for groups based on any Clinically Relevant Internalizing Disorder: 1. Negative Affectivity: t(302) = 7.20, p <0.0021, d = 0.83; 2. Detachment: t(302) = 1.61, p = .108, d = 0.19; 3. Antagonism: t(302) = 1.53,p = .128, d = 0.18; 4. Disinhibition: t(302) = 3.12, p <0.0021, d = 0.36; 5. Psychoticism: t(302) = 4.38, p <0.0021, d = 0.50; 6. Anankastia: t(302) = 3.40, p <0.0021, d = 0.39.