Table 1.
Validity and reliability of constructs
| Construct/Item | Factor loading | Mean (SD) | CR | AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government trust(adapted fromde Jonge et al., 2004, Hakim et al., 2020, Ngo et al., 2020) | 0.82 | 0.61 | ||
| How much do you trust the government to offer intensive care unit beds to everyone in need due to Covid-19? | 0.833 | 2.05 (1.1) | ||
| I trust the government to control the risks due to Covid-19. | 0.896 | 1.66 (0.9) | ||
| How much do you trust the government's information and news about the Covid-19 pandemic? | 0.600 | 2.12 (1.0) | ||
| Disease denial(adapted fromCosta, 2020) | 0.84 | 0.57 | ||
| It would be better to go back to normal, even if some people die. | 0.825 | 1.45 (0.9) | ||
| If my friends or family are not isolated during the pandemic, I also do not need to be isolated. | 0.699 | 1.49 (0.9) | ||
| There is no point in avoiding the coronavirus now and catching it later. | 0.668 | 1.57 (1.0) | ||
| I am not afraid of contracting the disease; it is simply the flu. | 0.800 | 1.29 (0.7) | ||
| Health surveillance trust(adapted fromde Jonge et al., 2004, Hakim et al., 2020, Ngo et al., 2020) | 0.85 | 0.59 | ||
| Health Surveillance Inspectors are competent enough to guarantee health-related safety in restaurants and bars. | 0.760 | 2.94 (1.3) | ||
| Health Surveillance inspectors inspect restaurants randomly, without favoring anyone. | 0.776 | 2.23 (1.1) | ||
| Surveillance Inspectors fine only establishments that deserve it. | 0.680 | 2.72 (1.2) | ||
| How much do you trust Health Surveillance to inspect, regulate, and enforce the legislation and rules for reopening bars and restaurants? | 0.850 | 1.89 (0.9) | ||
| Perceived safety and restaurant brand(adapted fromHakim et al., 2020, Ngo et al., 2020) | 0.86 | 0.63 | ||
| I feel safe going to a restaurant to eat a meal, even if there is no medicine or vaccine for Covid-19. | 0.880 | 2.19 (1.3) | ||
| I believe that it is safe to reopen restaurants | 0.904 | 2.15 (1.1) | ||
| I am sure that the restaurants and bars I know/frequent are reliable in terms of ensuring health safety | 0.840 | 2.25 (1.2) | ||
| I always choose to go to bars and restaurants that I know/frequent. | 0.554 | 3.13 (1.5) | ||
| Fair price(adapted fromHakim et al., 2020) | 0.93 | 0.82 | ||
| I would go to bars and restaurants during the pandemic if they are not more expensive than before. | 0.913 | 1.70 (1.1) | ||
| I would eat in bars and restaurants during the pandemic if the eat-in prices are lower than delivery ones. | 0.812 | 1.62 (1.0) | ||
| I would eat in bars and restaurants during the pandemic if prices are fair | 0.924 | 1.90 (1.3) | ||
| Solidarity with the food services sector | 0.97 | 0.93 | ||
| I would go to bars and restaurants during the pandemic to prevent them from closing permanently. | 0.968 | 2.17 (1.3) | ||
| I would go to bars and restaurants during the pandemic to prevent sector employees from becoming unemployed. | 0.965 | 2.29 (1.3) | ||
| I would go to bars and restaurants during the pandemic to channel money into the sector. | 0.953 | 2.06 (1.2) | ||
| Intention to visit(adapted fromJang, Chung, & Kim, 2015) | 0.94 | 0.85 | ||
| If restaurants or bars open in my city, I intend to go there. | 0.938 | 2.04 (1.2) | ||
| If restaurants or bars open in my city, I am interested in visiting them in the coming days. | 0.933 | 2.00 (1.2) | ||
| How willing are you to go to restaurants and bars while there is no medicine or vaccine for Covid-19? | 0.899 | 2.20 (1.3) |