Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Pre And Post Initiation of a System-Wide Anticoagulation Protocol.
| Total | Feb 29 - April 9a | April 10 - May 15 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | p value | |
| Total | 146 | 38 | 26.0 | 108 | 74.0 | ||
| Age (mean, SD) | 67.4 | 15.2 | 63.6 | 17.8 | 68.8 | 14.0 | 0.06 |
| Sex | 0.91 | ||||||
| Male | 78 | 53.4 | 20 | 52.6 | 58 | 53.7 | |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 37 | 25.3 | 11 | 29.0 | 26 | 24.1 | 0.55 |
| Black | 25 | 17.1 | 3 | 7.9 | 22 | 20.4 | 0.08 |
| Other | 84 | 57.5 | 24 | 63.2 | 60 | 55.6 | 0.41 |
| BMI (mean, SD) | 28.5 | 6.9 | 29.1 | 5.9 | 28.3 | 7.2 | 0.17 |
| Smoking Status | 0.42 | ||||||
| Never | 92 | 63.0 | 26 | 68.4 | 66 | 61.1 | |
| Initial GI symptoms | |||||||
| Nausea | 41 | 28.1 | 16 | 42.1 | 25 | 23.2 | 0.03 |
| Vomiting | 31 | 21.2 | 14 | 36.8 | 17 | 15.7 | <0.01 |
| Diarrhea | 44 | 30.1 | 11 | 29.0 | 33 | 30.6 | 0.85 |
| GIB on admission | 80 | 54.8 | 24 | 63.2 | 56 | 51.9 | 0.23 |
| COVID-19 status | 146 | 100 | 38 | 100.0 | 108 | 100.0 | 0.18 |
| Mild/Moderate | 71 | 48.6 | 22 | 57.9 | 49 | 45.4 | |
| Severe/Severe with EOD | 75 | 51.4 | 16 | 42.1 | 59 | 54.6 | |
| Inpatient Medications | |||||||
| Pre GIB inpatient AC | 63 | 43.2 | 11 | 29.0 | 52 | 48.2 | <0.05 |
| Pre GIB inpatient steroids | 49 | 33.6 | 7 | 18.4 | 42 | 38.9 | <0.05 |
| Pre GIB inpatient PPI | 93 | 63.7 | 27 | 71.1 | 66 | 61.1 | 0.27 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 86 | 58.9 | 22 | 57.9 | 64 | 59.3 | 0.88 |
| Azithromycin | 85 | 58.2 | 18 | 47.4 | 67 | 62.0 | 0.11 |
| Outcomes | |||||||
| ARDS | 28 | 19.2 | 3 | 7.9 | 25 | 23.2 | <0.05 |
| Acute VTE | 3 | 2.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 2.8 | 0.30 |
| AKI | 64 | 43.8 | 12 | 31.6 | 52 | 48.2 | 0.07 |
| GIB hospital day number (mean) | 7.34 | 13.7 | 7.55 | 13.8 | 7.26 | 13.7 | 0.91 |
| Hospital LOS (mean) | 12.7 | 12.0 | 6.79 | 6.3 | 18.1 | 16.4 | <0.01 |
| ICU admission | 65 | 44.5 | 17 | 44.7 | 48 | 44.4 | 0.98 |
| ICU LOS (mean) | 7.2 | 11.9 | 6.92 | 10.8 | 7.30 | 12.3 | 0.87 |
| Expired | 52 | 35.6 | 14 | 36.8 | 38 | 35.2 | 0.85 |
| Treatment | |||||||
| Endoscopy | 17 | 11.6 | 4 | 10.5 | 13 | 12.0 | 0.80 |
| Interventional Radiology | 3 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 1.9 | 0.77 |
| Surgery | 1 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.40 |
| Medical treatment only | 125 | 85.6 | 33 | 86.8 | 92 | 85.2 | 0.80 |
| Transfusions | 101 | 69.2 | 25 | 65.8 | 76 | 70.4 | 0.60 |
| Number of PRBC (mean) | 2.86 | 3.5 | 3.03 | 4.0 | 2.81 | 3.3 | 0.74 |
| Reversal Agent | 17 | 11.6 | 3 | 7.9 | 14 | 13.0 | 0.40 |
SD: Standard deviation.
Reversal agent refers to medication used to reverse anticoagulation administered or lab abnormalities with regards to coagulation.
EOD: end organ damage. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome. GIB: gastrointestinal bleeding. AC: anticoagulation. PPI: proton pump inhibitor. Hgb: hemoglobin. Hct: hematocrit. CRP: C-reactive protein. VTE: venous thromboembolism. LOS: length of stay. ICU: intensive care unit. PRBC: packed red blood cells.
a
Anticoagulation protocol implemented April 10th.