Table 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by socioeconomic deprivation quintile. 47 records have an unknown SIMD quintile. 310 records have unknown ethnicity (Distributed in SIMD quintiles 1 to 5: 80 (43.7%), 77 (46.1%), 47 (37.9%), 46 (40.4%), 27 (27.0%) respectively). 216 records have missing APACHE score. 254 records have missing PF ratios. *Output suppressed due to disclosure risk. Abbreviations: APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation
| Number of patients | All patients | 1 = Most deprived | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 = Least deprived | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 positive and admitted to Critical Care | n | 735 | 183 | 167 | 124 | 114 | 100 |
| Age on admission (years) | Median (IQR) | 61 (53,68) | 59 (50,67) | 62 (55,68) | 60 (54,69) | 61 (51,71) | 62.5 (55,70) |
| Sex | Male | 515 (70.1%) | 130 (71.0%) | 111 (66.5%) | 87 (70.2%) | 81 (71.1%) | 71 (71.0%) |
| Female | 220 (29.9%) | 53 (29.0%) | 56 (33.5%) | 37 (29.8%) | 33 (28.9%) | 29 (29.0%) | |
| Ethnicity | White | 387 (91.1%) | 90 (87.4%) | 78 (86.7%) | 75 (97.4%) | 60 (88.2%) | 65 (97.0%) |
| Black/Caribbean/African | 7 (1.6%) | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Asian | 26 (6.1%) | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Other | 5 (1.2%) | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Previous health status | |||||||
| Comorbidity count | 0 | 481 (65.4%) | 106 (57.9%) | 113 (67.7%) | 77 (62.1%) | 81 (71.1%) | 78 (78.0%) |
| 1 | 157 (21.4%) | 49 (26.8%) | 28 (16.8%) | 30 (24.2%) | 18 (15.8%) | 15 (15.0%) | |
| 2 plus | 97 (13.2%) | 28 (15.3%) | 26 (15.6%) | 17 (13.7%) | 15 (13.2%) | 7 (7.0%) | |
| Comorbidities | Cardiovascular Disease | 62 (8.4%) | 13 (7.1%) | 19 (11.4%) | 9 (7.3%) | 11 (9.6%) | 5 (5.0%) |
| Respiratory Disease | 88 (12.0%) | 24 (13.1%) | 22 (13.2%) | 19 (15.3%) | 12 (10.5%) | 4 (4.0%) | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 85 (11.6%) | 28 (15.3%) | 21 (12.6%) | 14 (11.3%) | 10 (8.8%) | 9 (9.0%) | |
| Cancer | 52 (7.1%) | 16 (8.7%) | 9 (5.4%) | 10 (8.1%) | 12 (10.5%) | 4 (4.0%) | |
| Other | 70 (9.5%) | 23 (12.6%) | 15 (9.0%) | 15 (12.1%) | 4 (3.5%) | 5 (5.0%) | |
| Emergency hospital admissions in previous year | 0 | 640 (87.1%) | 157 (85.8%) | 143 (85.6%) | 109 (87.9%) | 100 (87.7%) | 92 (92.0%) |
| 1 | 57 (7.8%) | 13 (7.1%) | 13 (7.8%) | 10 (8.1%) | 9 (7.9%) | 4 (4.0%) | |
| 2 plus | 38 (5.2%) | 13 (7.1%) | 11 (6.6%) | 5 (4.0%) | 5 (4.4%) | 4 (4.0%) | |
| Illness severity and organ support | |||||||
| APACHE II score | Median (IQR) | 15 (12,19) | 15 (12,19) | 15 (12,18) | 16 (12,20) | 14 (11,20) | 15 (11.75,18.25) |
| Acute Physiology Score | Median (IQR) | 7 (4,11) | 7 (5,11) | 7 (4,10) | 7.5 (4,11) | 6 (3,11) | 7 (3,10.25) |
| PaO2:FiO2 ratio (kPa) | Median (IQR) | 15.4 (11.1,21.3) | 15.2 (10.6,20.8) | 16.4 (11.6,22.9) | 15.1 (10.6,19.6) | 15.0 (11.1,20.9) | 16.8 (12.8,21.9) |
| Time from hospital admission to ICU admission (days) | Median (IQR) | 1 (0,2) | 1 (0,3) | 1 (0,2) | 1 (0,3) | 1 (0,2) | 1 (0,2) |
| Number of organ systems supported on ICU admission | 0 | 230 (31.3%) | 61 (33.3%) | 56 (33.5%) | 31 (25.0%) | 41 (36.0%) | 24 (24.0%) |
| 1 | 277 (37.7%) | 72 (39.3%) | 58 (34.7%) | 45 (36.3%) | 39 (34.2%) | 42 (42.0%) | |
| 2 or more | 228 (31.0%) | 50 (27.3%) | 53 (31.7%) | 48 (38.7%) | 34 (29.8%) | 34 (34.0%) | |
| Advanced respiratory support on admission | n (%) | 330 (44.9%) | 90 (49.2%) | 69 (41.3%) | 61 (49.2%) | 48 (42.1%) | 49 (49.0%) |
| Non-invasive respiratory support on admission | n (%) | 160 (21.8%) | 30 (16.4%) | 37 (22.2%) | 28 (22.6%) | 24 (21.1%) | 25 (25.0%) |
| Other basic respiratory support on admission | n (%) | 245 (33.3%) | 63 (34.4%) | 61 (36.5%) | 35 (28.2%) | 42 (36.8%) | 26 (26.0%) |
| Cardiovascular support on admission | n (%) | 239 (32.5%) | 51 (27.9%) | 56 (33.5%) | 52 (41.9%) | 34 (29.8%) | 36 (36.0%) |
| Renal replacement therapy on admission | n (%) | 10 (1.4%) | * | * | * | * | * |