Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with and without COVID-19. Alternative diagnoses are shown in Figure 1.
| Baseline characteristic | COVID-19 (n = 11) | Other (n = 38) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 76 (54–82) | 69.5 (59–81) | 0.81 |
| Sex (male/female) | 8/3 (73/27) | 18/20 (47/53) | 0.14 |
| Days since onset | 6 (3–8) | 2 (0–7) | 0.18 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (18) | 8 (21) | 0.84 |
| Arterial hypertension | 5 (45) | 25 (66) | 0.22 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 6 (55) | 20 (53) | 0.91 |
| Pneumopathy | 4 (36) | 18 (47) | 0.52 |
| Immunosuppression | 0 | 9 (24) | 0.07 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 2 (18) | 10 (26) | 0.58 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1 (0–4) | 2.5 (1–4) | 0.17 |
| Clinical Frailty Scale | 4 (2–7) | 4 (2–5) | 0.65 |
| Vital statistics and laboratory values | |||
| PaO2 (mmHg, ambient air) | 64 (59–67) | 66 (55–83) | 0.37 |
| SpO2 (%) | 92 (89–94) | 94 (92–95) | 0.05 |
| Oxygen flow (L/min) | 2 (0–4) | 0.5 (0–2) | 0.26 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 116 (54–145) | 61.5 (9–103) | 0.03 |
| LDH (IU/L) | 345.5 (268–398) | 199 (171–244) | <0.01 |
| Neutrophil granulocytes (g/L) | 4.23 (3.14–6.83) | 9.78 (5.28–11.79) | 0.01 |
| Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio | 5.79 (4.01–12.83) | 6.68 (3.73–12.39) | 0.82 |
| Diagnostic results | |||
| Pathology on X-ray | 9 (90) | 7 (23) | <0.01 |
| Pathology on CT scan | 1 (100) | 3 (27) | 0.14 |
| Positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR | 8 (73) | 0 (0) | <0.01 |
| Positive SARS-CoV-2 serology | 4 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.01 |
| Combined adverse outcomes (ICU and death) | 3 (27) | 1 (3) | 0.01 |
| ICU admission | 2 (18) | 1 (3) | 0.06 |
| Death in hospital | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | 0.06 |
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; CRP =C-reactive protein, norm. < 3 mg/L; CT = computed tomography; ICU = intensive care unit; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase, norm. < 250 U/L; SARS-CoV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
All values are given as number (percentage) or median (inter-quartile range).