Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and haemodynamic variables during head‐up tilt test
| Characteristic | HF (n = 61) | Controls (n = 60) |
| Age (years) | 70.7 (11.0) | 59.8 (11.5) |
| Sex (% male) | 82.0 | 41.7 |
| Current smoker (%) | 15.0 a | 8.8 c |
| Diabetes (%) | 30.0 a | 15.0 |
| EF, percentage (md, IQR) | 34 (24.5) d | |
| NYHA class (%) | — | |
| I | 3.3 | |
| II | 44.3 | |
| III | 52.4 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125.2 (22.9) a | 141.5 (19.3) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 66.5 (12.5) | 78.5 (11.6) |
| Heart rate (beats per min) | 71.2 (12.2) | 70.5 (11.6) |
DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; HR, heart rate; HUT, head up tilt; IQR, interquartile range; Md, median; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SctO2, cerebral tissue oxygen saturation.
Continuous variables are expressed as mean (standard deviation) unless other specified. Dichotomous data are expressed as percentages of total within each group.
a
n = 1 missing.
b
n = 2 missing.
c
n = 3.
d
n = 21 missing.