Table 2.
Comparison of MOG-antibody positive and AQP4, MOG-antibody seronegative cohorts.
| MOG-antibody positive | AQP4 and MOG antibody negative | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 42 | n = 115 | ||
| % female | 64 | 71 | 0.26 |
| Median age at onset (y; and range) |
29 (3–62) | 39 (14–78) | <0.001 |
| Comorbid autoimmune disease | 3 (7%) | 18 (15%) | 0.17 |
| Onset location | |||
| ON | 23 (55%) (bilateral in 8/23) |
23 (20%) (bilateral in 3/23) |
0.001 |
| TM | 9 (21%) (LETM in 6/9) |
66 (57%) (LETM 36/66) |
<0.001 |
| Cerebral | 6 (14%) (3 TL, 2 ADEM, 1 cortical) |
5 (4%) (4 TL, 1 ADEM, 0 cortical) |
0.069 |
| Brainstem | 2 (4.8%) | 7 (6.1%) | 1 |
| Combination | 2 (4.8%) (ON + TM 100%) |
14 (12.2%) (ON + TM 8 57%) |
0.193 |
| Clinical syndromes (at any time) | |||
| ON | 31 (73.8%) | 46 (40%) | <0.001 |
| TM | 22 (52%) | 92 (80%) | 0.001 |
| Brainstem | 16 (38.1%) | 24 (20.9%) | 0.038 |
| Cerebral | 9 (21%) (3 TL, 3 ADEM, 3 cortical) |
9 (7.8%) (5 TL, 4 ADEM, 0 cortical) |
0.077 |
| Moderate to severe at onset | 27 (64.3%) | 65 (56.5%) | 0.472 |
| Relapse probability at 1 year | 0.428 | 0.371 | 0.54 |
| Good response to steroids | 31 (73.8%) | 37 (32.2%) | <0.001 |
| Recovery | |||
| Full/very good | 24 (57.1%) | 57 (49.6%) | 0.472 |
| Mod-sev bl/b | 5 (11.9%) | 4 (3.5%) | 0.058 |
| Mod-sev visual | 3 (7.1%) | 11 (9.6%) | 0.184 |
| Mod-sev motor | 1 (2.4%) | 11 (9.6%) | 0.184 |
| Combination disability | 8 (19%) | 28 (24.3%) | 0.529 |
| Unclear | 1 (2.4%) | 4 (3.5%) | 1 |
y, years; ON, optic neuritis; TM, transverse myelitis; LETM, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis; TL, tumefactive lesion; ADEM, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; mod-sev, moderately severe, bl/b, bladder/bowel/sexual dysfunction.