Table 1. Characteristics of Patients.
| Characteristic | Whole cohort, No. (%) | P value | Matched cohort, No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Police (n = 1970) | EMS (n = 1343) | Police (n = 870) | EMS (n = 870) | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1837 (93.3) | 1176 (87.6) | <.001a | 794 (91.3) | 779 (89.5) | .10 |
| Female | 133 (6.8) | 167 (12.4) | 76 (8.7) | 91 (10.5) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 97 (4.9) | 224 (16.7) | <.001a | 48 (5.5) | 110 (12.6) | <.001a |
| Black | 1523 (77.3) | 878 (65.4) | 666 (76.6) | 619 (71.2) | ||
| Hispanic | 172 (8.7) | 146 (10.9) | 74 (8.5) | 83 (9.5) | ||
| Asian | 13 (0.7) | 13 (1.0) | 7 (0.8) | 7 (0.8) | ||
| Other or unknown | 165 (8.4) | 82 (6.1) | 75 (8.6) | 51 (5.9) | ||
| Age, yb | ||||||
| Unknown | 69 (3.5) | 16 (1.2) | <.001a | 14 (1.6) | 14 (1.6) | .17 |
| 18-45 | 1669 (84.7) | 995 (74.1) | 734 (84.4) | 734 (84.4) | ||
| 46-65 | 216 (11.0) | 292 (21.7) | 113 (13.0) | 113 (13.0) | ||
| >65 | 16 (0.8) | 40 (3.0) | 9 (1.0) | 9 (1.0) | ||
| Mechanism of injuryb | ||||||
| Firearm | 1741 (88.4) | 681 (50.7) | <.001a | 663 (76.2) | 663 (76.2) | >.99 |
| Cutting instrument | 229 (11.6) | 662 (49.3) | 207 (23.8) | 207 (23.8) | ||
| Extremity-only injuryb | ||||||
| Yes | 133 (6.8) | 97 (7.2) | .42 | 64 (7.4) | 64 (7.4) | >.99 |
| No | 1837 (93.3) | 1246 (92.8) | 806 (92.6) | 806 (92.6) | ||
| ISSb | ||||||
| Unknown | 2 (0.1) | 0 | <.001a | 0 | 0 | .39 |
| 1-8 | 375 (19.0) | 496 (36.9) | 233 (26.8) | 233 (26.8) | ||
| 9-25 | 1052 (53.4) | 625 (46.5) | 443 (50.9) | 443 (50.9) | ||
| 26-75 | 541 (27.5) | 222 (16.5) | 194 (22.3) | 194 (22.3) | ||
| Presenting GCS scoreb | ||||||
| Unknown | 71 (3.6) | 27 (2.0) | <.001a | 20 (2.3) | 20 (2.3) | .78 |
| 3-8 | 568 (28.8) | 265 (19.7) | 223 (25.6) | 223 (25.6) | ||
| 9-12 | 58 (2.9) | 27 (2.0) | 13 (1.5) | 13 (1.5) | ||
| 13-15 | 1273 (64.6) | 1024 (76.3) | 614 (70.6) | 614 (70.6) | ||
| Presenting SBP, mm Hgb | ||||||
| Unknown | 49 (2.5) | 25 (1.9) | <.001a | 15 (1.7) | 15 (1.7) | .93 |
| <90 | 602 (30.6) | 270 (20.1) | 218 (25.1) | 218 (25.1) | ||
| 90-120 | 486 (24.7) | 308 (22.9) | 194 (22.3) | 194 (22.3) | ||
| >120 | 833 (42.3) | 740 (55.1) | 443 (50.9) | 443 (50.9) | ||
Abbreviations: EMS, emergency medical services; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
a
Statistically significant difference between groups.
b
Matching criteria.