Table 2.

Epigenetic drugs plus TKIs in treatment of RCC.

Drug	Combination agent	Tumor type	Trial phase	Result	Reference
Vorinostat	Sorafenib	RCC, NSCLC	I	Poorly tolerated, 1 unconfirmed PR and five of eight patients had durable minor responses (11–26%) in RCC subset	Dasari et al., 2013
Vorinostat	Pazopanib	Solid tumors including RCC	I	Stable disease at least 6 months or PR (SD ≥ 6 months/PR), median PFS of 3.5 months and median OS of 12.7 months	Fu et al., 2015
Vorinostat	Bevacizumab	ccRCC	I/II	6 OR (18%), including 1 CR and 5 PR. 5.7 months of median PFS and 13.9 months of OS	Pili et al., 2017
Abexinostat	Pazopanib	Solid tumor including RCC	I	27% of objective response rate, average 10.5 months of response duration in RCC subset	Aggarwal et al., 2017

RCC, renal cell carcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; PR, partial response; CR, complete response; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; SD, stable disease.