Table 1.
Characteristics of the nine included studies.
| First Author/Year | Acronyms | Affiliation/Country | Population $ | Pan-NET | Previous SSA Therapy | Previous CHT | Other Therapy | Previous Surgery of Primary Tumor | Design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arnold et al., 2005 [20] | - | Multicenter | GEP-NET | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | § | Octreotide * vs. Octreotide * + IFN-α |
| Rinke et al., 2009 [21,22] | PROMIDE | Multicenter | Midgut NET | No | Yes # | No | No | Yes | Placebo vs. Octreotide LAR 30 mg |
| Pavel et al., 2011 [23,24] | RADIANT-2 | Multicenter | GEP-NET | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes ^ | § | Octreotide LAR 30 mg vs. Octretide LAR 30 mg + Everolimus 10 mg |
| Yao et al., 2011 [25,26] | RADIANT-3 | Multicenter | Pan-NET | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes ^^ | § | Placebo vs. Everolimus 10 mg |
| Raymond et al., 2011 [27] | - | Multicenter | Pan-NET | Yes | Yes | Yes °° | Yes °° | Yes | Placebo vs. Sunitinib 37.5 mg |
| Caplin et al., 2014 [28] | CLARINET | Multicenter | GEP-NET | Yes | Yes £ | Yes £ | Yes £ | Yes £ | Placebo vs. Lanreotide 120 mg |
| Yao et al., 2016 [29] | RADIANT-4 | Multicenter | Lung or Midgut NET | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Placebo vs. Everolimus 10 mg |
| Strosberg et al., 2017 [30] | NETTER-1 | Multicenter | Midgut NET | No | Yes ** | Yes ** | Yes ** | Yes | 177 Lu-Dotate + Octreotide LAR 30 mg vs. Octreotide LAR 60 mg |
| Yao et al., 2017 [31] | SWOG S0518 | Multicenter | Midgut NET | No | Yes £ | Yes | Yes £ | Yes £ | depot Octreotide 20 mg + Bevacizumab vs. depot Octreotide 20 mg + IFN-α |
Legend: $ = all tumors were well-differentiated, even if classified with different tumor grading systems; * = 200 µg ocreotide thrice daily; # = pretreatment with somatostatin analogs for more than 4 weeks or previous treatment with interferon alfa, chemotherapy, or chemoembolization; ^ = only the patients with hepatic artery embolization or cryoablation were excluded; ° = best supportive care with SSA on-demand; ^^ = immunotherapy or radiotherapy within four weeks prior to starting this trial or the hepatic artery procedure called embolization within the last six months or cryoablation/radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastasis within two months of enrollment; § = not reported; °° = chemotherapy, locoregional therapy (e.g., chemoembolization) or interferon at least four weeks before baseline assessment; £ = patients excluded because they had received treatment with interferon, chemoembolization, or chemotherapy within 6 months before study entry, a radionuclide at any time, or a somatostatin analogue at any time; ** = any surgery, liver-directed transarterial therapy, or chemotherapy within 12 weeks before randomization or major surgery related to the neuroendocrine tumor within 3 months before study entry; £ = prior surgery, liver-directed therapy, and radiotherapy were allowed if completed more than 28 days before the start of study therapy, the patient had recovered from the procedure, and there were residual sites of measurable disease; prior depot octreotide was allowed, provided at least 21 days had elapsed since the last dose to the start of study therapy.