Table 2C.

Association between multiple caffeinated sources (n = 15) and cognitive decline/dementia

Multiple caffeinated sources
Positive association	No association	Negative association
Beydoun et al. 2014	Beydoun et al. 2014 [33]
(Age; ≥70 years)	(Age;< 70 years)
Boot et al. 2013 [34]	Corley et al. 2010 [85]
	(Model; additional adjustments for socioeconomic status and (childhood) IQ)
Cao et al. 2012 [35]	Gelber et al. 2011 [24]
Corley et al. 2010 [85]	Iranpour et al. 2020 [81]
(Model; adjustment for age and sex only)	(Model; multiple additional adjustments)
Driscoll et al. 2016 [37]	Lesk et al. 2009 [58]
Iranpour et al. 2020 [81]	Paganini-Hill et al. 2016 [39]
(Model; no adjustments)	(Caffeine consumption quantity and age; 60–199  mg/d, 70 years)
Maia &de Mendonça 2002 [73]	Ritchie et al. 2007 [71]
(Caffeine consumption quantity and sex;	< 300 mg/d, men)
Paganini-Hill et al. 2016 [39]	Santos et al. 2010 [74]
(Caffeine consumption quantity and age;> 200  mg/d, 90 years)	(Caffeine consumption quantity and sex; < 62  mg/d, men)
Ritchie et al. 2007 [71]	Van Boxtel et al. 2003 [65]
(Caffeine consumption quantity and sex; > 300  mg/d, women)
Santos et al. 2010 [74]	Vercambre et al. 2013 [72]
(Caffeine consumption quantity and sex; > 62  mg/d, women)	(Model; adjustment for age, education and energy from diet only)
Smith 2009 [59]
Vercambre et al. 2013 [72]
(Model; multiple additional adjustments)

Bold studies indicate multiple outcomes.