Table 1.
Characteristics of the 940 Emergency participants tested by the Coping Inventory to Stressful Situations (CISS) questionnaire soon after the first Italian Coronavirus pandemic outbreak in relation to their role in ED.
| Characteristics | All subjects (n = 940) |
Physicians (n = 705) |
Nurses (n = 235) |
OR (95%CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male %) | 420 (44.7) | 323 (45.8) | 97 (41.3) | 1.20 (0.89–1.62) | 0.256 |
| Age (years) | 46.4 [10.8] | 47.7 [10.7] | 42.3 [10.0] | – | 0.108 |
| Decades (years) | |||||
| 20–30 | 73 (7.8) | 36 (5.1) | 37 (15.7) | 0.32 (0.20–0.52) | <0.0001 |
| 31–40 | 242 (25.7) | 173 (24.5) | 69 (29.4) | 0.84 (0.61–1.15) | 0.2653 |
| 41–50 | 258 (27.4) | 183 (26.0) | 75 (31.9) | 0.81 (0.60–1.10) | 0.1866 |
| 51–60 | 276 (29.4) | 230 (32.6) | 46 (19.6) | 1.67 (1.17–2.36) | 0.0042 |
| > 60 | 91 (9.7) | 83 (11.8) | 8 (3.4) | 3.45 (1.65–7.25) | 0.0010 |
| Italian area | |||||
| North | 564 (60.0) | 402 (57.0) | 162 (68.9) | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | 0.1130 |
| Centrum | 203 (21.6) | 162 (23.0) | 41 (17.4) | 1.31 (0.91–1.91) | 0.1480 |
| South | 173 (18.4) | 141 (20.0) | 32 (13.6) | 1.46 (0.97–2.21) | 0.0669 |
| Relationship | |||||
| Single | 431 (45.9) | 315 (44.7) | 116 (49.4) | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | 0.227 |
| Living with sons | 482 (51.3) | 372 (52.8) | 110 (46.8) | 1.27 (0.94–1.71) | 0.114 |
| Living with elderly | 56 (6.0) | 39 (5.5) | 17 (7.2) | 0.75 (0.42–1.35) | 0.342 |
| COVID positivity | 74 (7.9) | 34 (11.6) | 40 (6.2) | 2.00 (1.24–3.23) | 0.006 |
| Illness /death of family members/friends | 292 (31.1) | 212 (30.1) | 80 (34.0) | 0.83 (0.61–1.14) | 0.256 |
| Impact on family planning | 755 (80.3) | 564 (80.0) | 191 (81.3) | 0.92 (0.63–1.34) | 0.706 |
| Current Use | |||||
| BDZ/neuroleptics | 27 (2.9) | 21 (3.0) | 6 (2.6) | 1.17 (0.47–2.94) | 0.826 |
| Analgesics | 41 (4.4%) | 33 (4.7) | 8 (3.4) | 1.39 (0.63–3.06) | 0.466 |
| Hypnotics | 53 (5.6) | 51 (7.2) | 2 (0.9) | 9.08 (2.19–37.6) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol/drugs of abuse | 176 (18.7) | 144 (20.4) | 32 (13.6) | 1.63 (1.07–2.47) | 0.021 |
Abbreviations: Categorical data are reported as number of cases and (percent) and continuous variables as mean and [standard deviation]. Mean values, standard deviations, and medians, interquartile ranges; number of cases, percent with 95% confidence intervals was used to describe data distribution. Fisher's exact test and Student t-test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables between groups.