Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of characteristics associated with loss of smell and taste in patients affected by COVID-19.
| Variable | OR | 95% confidence interval | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (female) | 0.924 | 0.876 to 1.369 | 0.020 |
| Age (> 60 years) | 0.980 | 0.723 to 1.113 | 0.023 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.460 | −2.308 to 0.756 | 0.321 |
| Arterial hypertension | 0.626 | −1.290 to 0.852 | 0.263 |
| WP or NP rhinosinusitis | 0.692 | −0.054 to 1.035 | 0.163 |
| Autoimmune disease (SLE, RA, etc.) | 0.659 | −1.571 to 0.737 | 0.479 |
| Hypothyroidism in treatment | 0.525 | −0.333 to 0.777 | 0.273 |
| Hypothyroidism without treatment | 0.173 | −0.460 to 0.449 | 0.268 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 0.331 | −0.199 to 0.455 | 0.790 |
| Renal failure | 0.243 | −0.188 to 0.356 | 0.281 |
| Liver failure | 1.317 | −0.070 to 1.468 | 0.064 |
| COPD | 0.722 | −0.236 to 0.932 | 0.394 |
| Asthma | 1.200 | −0.587 to 1.952 | 0.642 |
| Cardiac pathology | 0.930 | −0.522 to 1.837 | 0.275 |
| Neurodegenerative disease | 0.144 | −0.528 to 0.658 | 0.144 |
| Depression | 0.611 | −0.360 to 1.314 | 0.264 |
| Extrinsic allergies (pollen, grass, etc.) | 0.532 | −0.032 to 0.885 | 0.068 |
| Smoker | 0.371 | −0.674 to 0.615 | 0.929 |
| Symptoms associated with COVID-19 | |||
| Fever > 38° | 0.981 | 0.434 to 1.396 | 0.008 |
| Dry cough | 1.202 | −0.377 to 1.744 | 0.521 |
| Loss of appetite | 0.482 | −0.027 to 0.814 | 0.067 |
| Bronchial mucus-expectoration | 0.978 | −0.513 to 1.468 | 0.929 |
| Arthralgia | 0.835 | 0.642 to 1.281 | 0.443 |
| Myalgia | 1.038 | 0.449 to 1.524 | 0.123 |
| Diarrhoea | 1.092 | −0.321 to 1.497 | 0.673 |
| Abdominal pain | 0.657 | 0.213 to 0.769 | 0.268 |
| Headache | 1.160 | 0.917 to 1.313 | 0.021 |
| ENT symptoms | |||
| Nasal Congestion | 0.997 | 0.145 to 1.139 | 0.967 |
| Rhinorrhoea | 0.816 | 0.376 to -1.031 | 0.531 |
| Postnasal drip | 1.019 | 0.425 to 1.163 | 0.799 |
| MF | 1.007 | 0.546 to 0.160 | 0.931 |
| CF pain | 1.240 | 0.376 to 1.354 | 0.102 |
| Earache | 0.909 | 0.681 to 0.990 | 0.311 |
| Dysphagia | 0.972 | 0.431 to 1.174 | 0.781 |
| Dyspnoea | 0.951 | 0.605 to 1.104 | 0.521 |
RA: rheumatoid arthritis; WP : with polyps; COPD : chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SLE : lupus erythematosus; OR : odds ratio; NP : without polyps.