Table 2.
Adverse events during hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 and comparative analysis according to atrial fibrillation
| Before PSM | After PSM | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall N = 6217 |
AF n = 250 |
No AF n = 5967 |
P | Overall N = 466 |
AF n = 233 |
No AF n = 233 |
P | |
| Acute renal injury | 1047 (17.8) | 95 (38.6) | 952 (16.8) | < .001 | 156 (33.5) | 87 (37.3) | 69 (29.6) | .077 |
| Heart failure | 406 (6.9) | 49 (20.0) | 357 (6.3) | < .001 | 72 (15.5) | 45 (19.3) | 27 (11.6) | .021 |
| Sepsis | 1351 (23.2) | 27 (10.9) | 589 (10.5) | .842 | 57 (12.4) | 27 (11.6) | 30 (13.2) | .608 |
| Systemic inflammatory response syndrome | 1351 (23.2) | 74 (30.1) | 1277 (22.9) | .009 | 126 (27.5) | 69 (29.7) | 57 (25.1) | .266 |
| Relevant bleeding | 169 (2.9) | 24 (9.8) | 145 (2.6) | < .001 | 27 (5.9) | 20 (8.7) | 7 (3.1) | .012 |
| Embolic event | 154 (2.6) | 5 (2.0) | 149 (2.7) | .544 | 8 (1.7) | 5 (2.2) | 3 (1.3) | .487 |
| Respiratory insufficiency | 3100 (52.3) | 190 (76.3) | 2910 (51.2) | < .001 | 320 (69.1) | 176 (75.9) | 144 (62.3) | .002 |
| High flow nasal cannula | 994 (17.1) | 22 (9.1) | 972 (17.4) | .001 | 76 (16.8) | 18 (7.9) | 58 (25.7) | < .001 |
| Noninvasive mechanical ventilation | 589 (10.0) | 10 (4.0) | 579 (10.3) | .001 | 34 (7.4) | 8 (3.4) | 26 (11.4) | .001 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 350 (6.0) | 7 (2.8) | 343 (6.1) | .033 | 13 (2.8) | 7 (3.0) | 6 (2.6) | .797 |
| Use of corticoids | 1819 (31.2) | 106 (42.6) | 1713 (30.7) | < .001 | 166 (36.5) | 98 (42.2) | 68 (30.5) | .009 |
| Use of hydroxychloroquine | 5094 (86.1) | 207 (83.1) | 4887 (86.2) | .166 | 374 (81.1) | 191 (82.3) | 183 (79.9) | .508 |
| Use of antiviral drugs | 3204 (54.4) | 97 (39.3) | 3107 (55.1) | < .001 | 190 (41.8) | 91 (39.6) | 99 (44.0) | .038 |
| Use of interferon or similar | 659 (11.4) | 21 (8.5) | 638 (11.5) | .142 | 46 (10.2) | 19 (8.2) | 27 (12.2) | .165 |
| Use of tocilizumab or similar | 540 (9.3) | 8 (3.3) | 532 (9.5) | .001 | 19 (4.2) | 8 (3.5) | 11 (4.9) | .452 |
| Use of antibiotics | 4323 (77.9) | 199 (84.3) | 4124 (77.6) | .015 | 345 (79.7) | 184 (83.3) | 161 (75.9) | .059 |
| Anticoagulation | < .001 | < .001 | ||||||
| No | 990 (20.2) | 41 (17.3) | 949 (20.4) | 116 (25.3) | 38 (16.7) | 78 (33.9) | ||
| Prophylactic dose | 3068 (62.7) | 61 (25.7) | 3007 (64.6) | 179 (39.1) | 58 (25.4) | 121 (52.6) | ||
| Complete dose | 837 (17.1) | 135 (57.0) | 702 (15.0) | 163 (35.6) | 132 (57.9) | 31 (13.5) | ||
AF, atrial fibrillation; PSM, propensity score matching.
The data are presented as No. (%).