Table I.
Patients' demographic characteristics
| Characteristic | White (n = 845) | Minority (n = 118) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 26.0 ± 12.4 | 20.2 ± 12.6 | <.001 |
| Sex: female | 88.0 (743) | 70.3 (83) | <.001 |
| Household income ($) | <.001 | ||
| $25,000 | 7.3 (60) | 20.5 (23) | |
| 25,000-49,999 | 15.9 (130) | 25.9 (29) | |
| 50,000-$74,999 | 16.2 (132) | 12.5 (14) | |
| 75,000-99,999 | 17.7 (145) | 14.3 (16) | |
| 100,000+ | 42.8 (350) | 26.8 (30) | |
| Currently live | <.001 | ||
| Urban | 19.7 (166) | 38.1 (45) | |
| Peri-urban/suburban | 56.7 (477) | 50.8 (60) | |
| Rural | 23.6 (199) | 11.0 (13) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Heart disease | 3.9 (32) | 3.6 (4) | .869 |
| Hypertension | 21.1 (174) | 24.5 (27) | .415 |
| Depression | 38.4 (313) | 35.7 (40) | .582 |
| GERD | 41.3 (339) | 33.3 (38) | .102 |
| Diabetes | 6.6 (53) | 5.5 (6) | .645 |
| Seasonal allergies | 88.1 (734) | 85.3 (99) | .393 |
| Have a PCP | 94.4 (798) | 89.0 (105) | .022 |
| Have asthma specialist | 37.0 (313) | 30.5 (36) | .167 |
| Age at asthma diagnosis (y), mean ± SD | 20.8 ± 15.1 | 16.8 ± 13.8 | .006 |
| Asthma ED in past year | 25.3 (213) | 35.0 (41) | .025 |
| ICU or intubation ever for asthma | 6.0 (51) | 16.1 (19) | <.001 |
| Asthma severity | .122 | ||
| Mild | 44.2 (373) | 39.0 (46) | |
| Moderate | 45.0 (380) | 44.9 (53) | |
| Severe | 8.1 (68) | 14.4 (17) | |
| Not sure | 2.7 (23) | 1.7 (2) | |
| Current asthma medications | |||
| Albuterol | 93.6 (791) | 93.2 (110) | .872 |
| Montelukast | 34.8 (294) | 27.1 (32) | .099 |
| ICS | 24.7 (209) | 23.7 (28) | .812 |
| ICS w/LABA | 41.9 (354) | 36.4 (43) | .26 |
| Oral steroids | 4.7 (40) | 9.3 (11) | .037 |
| Biologics | 3.6 (30) | 5.1 (6) | .41 |
| ACT score, mean ± SD | 18.5 ± 4.8 | 17.4 ± 4.8 | .018 |
| ACT uncontrolled (score ≤ 19) | 47.9 (404) | 59.0 (69) | .024 |
ED, Emergency department; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta-agonist; PCP, primary care physician.
Data presented as % (n) unless otherwise noted. Bold indicates statistical significance (P < .05).